1
00:00:32,232 --> 00:00:34,434
[brooding music]

2
00:00:40,875 --> 00:00:43,310
[labored breathing]

3
00:01:55,850 --> 00:01:57,752
[music fades]

4
00:01:57,852 --> 00:01:59,887
[wind gusting]

5
00:02:19,741 --> 00:02:22,777
[Orwell] <i>When I sit down</i>
<i>to write a book,</i>

6
00:02:22,877 --> 00:02:25,013
<i>I do not say to myself,</i>

7
00:02:25,113 --> 00:02:28,983
<i>"I'm going to produce</i>
<i>a work of art."</i>

8
00:02:29,083 --> 00:02:33,855
<i>I write it because there is</i>
<i>some lie that I want to expose,</i>

9
00:02:34,254 --> 00:02:37,925
<i>some fact to which</i>
<i>I want to draw attention,</i>

10
00:02:38,559 --> 00:02:42,462
<i>and my initial concern</i>
<i>is to get a hearing.</i>

11
00:02:44,431 --> 00:02:49,504
<i>My starting point is always</i>
<i>a feeling of partisanship,</i>

12
00:02:49,904 --> 00:02:52,339
<i>a sense of injustice.</i>

13
00:02:55,375 --> 00:02:58,478
-[rain pattering]
-[distant thunder pealing]

14
00:02:59,312 --> 00:03:01,015
[Orwell] Two and two.

15
00:03:01,115 --> 00:03:02,850
Four.

16
00:03:02,950 --> 00:03:04,585
-[Orwell] Again?
-Four.

17
00:03:04,686 --> 00:03:07,088
Good. There are people
who'll tell you

18
00:03:07,187 --> 00:03:08,956
the answer's five.

19
00:03:11,626 --> 00:03:14,361
Usually,
they're called government.

20
00:03:16,030 --> 00:03:17,665
Great leaders.

21
00:03:19,133 --> 00:03:21,401
It becomes very important
to them

22
00:03:21,836 --> 00:03:26,107
that the people should believe
that the answer's five.

23
00:03:26,206 --> 00:03:28,308
They'll tell you lies.

24
00:03:29,443 --> 00:03:31,378
They'll torture you.

25
00:03:33,047 --> 00:03:34,549
They'll kill you.

26
00:03:36,851 --> 00:03:39,153
At the moment of death,

27
00:03:39,587 --> 00:03:42,389
you must still insist
that the answer

28
00:03:42,824 --> 00:03:44,224
is four.

29
00:03:44,324 --> 00:03:46,426
[harrowing music]

30
00:04:12,520 --> 00:04:15,623
[Winston] <i>April 18th, 1984.</i>

31
00:04:17,424 --> 00:04:19,459
<i>Nobody keeps a diary today.</i>

32
00:04:20,027 --> 00:04:24,766
<i>Because to do so</i>
<i>would be punishable by death.</i>

33
00:04:30,571 --> 00:04:32,439
<i>I don't care anymore.</i>

34
00:04:33,574 --> 00:04:36,177
<i>I found this old book</i>
<i>by chance.</i>

35
00:04:36,276 --> 00:04:38,579
[persistent beeping]

36
00:04:38,679 --> 00:04:42,683
<i>I'm going to set down what</i>
<i>I dare not say aloud to anyone.</i>

37
00:04:51,526 --> 00:04:55,462
[narrator]
<i>This, in 1984, is London,</i>

38
00:04:55,563 --> 00:04:57,832
<i>chief city of Airstrip 1,</i>

39
00:04:57,932 --> 00:05:00,968
<i>a province</i>
<i>of the state of Oceania.</i>

40
00:05:10,878 --> 00:05:12,713
[thunder pealing]

41
00:05:17,251 --> 00:05:22,455
[Orwell] <i>From a very early age,</i>
<i>perhaps the age of five or six,</i>

42
00:05:22,957 --> 00:05:26,661
<i>I knew that when I grew up,</i>
<i>I should be a writer.</i>

43
00:05:26,761 --> 00:05:28,029
[crow cawing]

44
00:05:28,129 --> 00:05:30,097
<i>I had the lonely child's habit</i>

45
00:05:30,198 --> 00:05:31,766
<i>of making up stories</i>

46
00:05:31,866 --> 00:05:35,803
<i>and holding conversations</i>
<i>with imaginary persons.</i>

47
00:05:36,938 --> 00:05:39,707
<i>I knew that I had</i>
<i>a facility with words</i>

48
00:05:39,807 --> 00:05:43,343
<i>and a power of facing</i>
<i>unpleasant facts,</i>

49
00:05:43,878 --> 00:05:46,881
<i>and I felt that this created</i>
<i>a sort of private world</i>

50
00:05:46,981 --> 00:05:49,150
<i>in which I could get</i>
<i>my own back</i>

51
00:05:49,250 --> 00:05:52,419
<i>for my failure</i>
<i>in everyday life.</i>

52
00:05:53,621 --> 00:05:57,490
<i>I wanted to write</i>
<i>enormous naturalistic novels.</i>

53
00:05:58,860 --> 00:06:02,597
-[foreboding music]
-[airplane engine humming]

54
00:06:50,878 --> 00:06:52,914
[music fades]

55
00:06:53,014 --> 00:06:54,815
[rain pattering]

56
00:06:56,317 --> 00:06:57,184
[Khine in Burmese]

57
00:07:07,427 --> 00:07:10,097
[solemn music]

58
00:07:17,104 --> 00:07:20,875
[Orwell] <i>I do not think one</i>
<i>can assess a writer's motives</i>

59
00:07:20,975 --> 00:07:24,545
<i>without knowing something</i>
<i>of his early development.</i>

60
00:07:27,315 --> 00:07:29,550
[birds chirping]

61
00:07:36,557 --> 00:07:37,959
<i>His subject matter</i>

62
00:07:38,059 --> 00:07:40,928
<i>will be determined</i>
<i>by the age he lives in.</i>

63
00:07:41,028 --> 00:07:45,399
<i>At least this is true in</i>
<i>tumultuous, revolutionary ages</i>

64
00:07:45,498 --> 00:07:47,001
<i>like our own.</i>

65
00:07:56,243 --> 00:07:58,179
<i>When I was not yet 20,</i>

66
00:07:58,279 --> 00:08:02,183
<i>I went to Burma,</i>
<i>in the Indian Imperial Police.</i>

67
00:08:06,087 --> 00:08:09,557
<i>In an outpost of empire</i>
<i>like Burma,</i>

68
00:08:09,657 --> 00:08:12,259
<i>the class question</i>
<i>appeared at first sight</i>

69
00:08:12,360 --> 00:08:13,861
<i>to have been shelved.</i>

70
00:08:14,295 --> 00:08:17,631
<i>Most of the white men in Burma</i>
<i>were not of the type</i>

71
00:08:17,732 --> 00:08:20,668
<i>who in England</i>
<i>would be called gentlemen,</i>

72
00:08:20,768 --> 00:08:23,871
<i>but they were white men</i>
<i>in contradistinction</i>

73
00:08:23,971 --> 00:08:26,874
<i>to the other</i>
<i>and inferior class,</i>

74
00:08:26,974 --> 00:08:28,209
<i>the natives.</i>

75
00:08:31,245 --> 00:08:32,913
<i>In the free air of England,</i>

76
00:08:33,014 --> 00:08:36,851
<i>that kind of thing</i>
<i>is not fully intelligible.</i>

77
00:08:37,818 --> 00:08:39,854
<i>In order to hate imperialism,</i>

78
00:08:39,954 --> 00:08:42,023
<i>you've got to be part of it.</i>

79
00:08:42,123 --> 00:08:45,693
<i>But it is not possible</i>
<i>to be part of such a system</i>

80
00:08:45,793 --> 00:08:50,498
<i>without recognizing it</i>
<i>as an unjustifiable tyranny.</i>

81
00:08:51,065 --> 00:08:55,504
<i>Even the thickest-skinned</i>
<i>Anglo-Indian is aware of this.</i>

82
00:08:55,603 --> 00:08:58,172
<i>Every native face</i>
<i>he sees in the street</i>

83
00:08:58,272 --> 00:09:01,909
<i>brings home to him</i>
<i>his monstrous intrusion.</i>

84
00:09:02,009 --> 00:09:03,577
-[gunshots]
-[crowd clamoring]

85
00:09:03,677 --> 00:09:05,713
<i>But I was in the police,</i>

86
00:09:05,813 --> 00:09:10,117
<i>which is to say that I was part</i>
<i>of the actual machinery</i>

87
00:09:10,217 --> 00:09:11,520
<i>of despotism.</i>

88
00:09:11,652 --> 00:09:13,187
[gunshot]

89
00:09:17,124 --> 00:09:19,360
[distant bird calling]

90
00:09:19,460 --> 00:09:23,431
<i>When I came home</i>
<i>on leave in 1927,</i>

91
00:09:23,864 --> 00:09:27,568
<i>I was already half determined</i>
<i>to throw up my job,</i>

92
00:09:27,668 --> 00:09:31,405
<i>and one sniff of English air</i>
<i>decided me.</i>

93
00:09:32,106 --> 00:09:36,110
<i>For five years, I have been</i>
<i>part of an oppressive system</i>

94
00:09:36,210 --> 00:09:39,647
<i>and it left me</i>
<i>with a bad conscience.</i>

95
00:09:39,747 --> 00:09:42,750
<i>Innumerable remembered faces,</i>

96
00:09:42,850 --> 00:09:45,319
<i>faces of prisoners in the dark,</i>

97
00:09:45,753 --> 00:09:49,256
<i>of men waiting</i>
<i>in the condemned cells,</i>

98
00:09:49,356 --> 00:09:51,058
<i>of subordinates I had bullied</i>

99
00:09:51,158 --> 00:09:53,861
<i>and aged peasants</i>
<i>I had snubbed,</i>

100
00:09:53,961 --> 00:09:57,364
<i>of servants and coolies</i>
<i>I had hit with my fist</i>

101
00:09:57,465 --> 00:09:59,266
<i>in moments of rage</i>

102
00:09:59,366 --> 00:10:02,002
<i>haunted me intolerably.</i>

103
00:10:03,804 --> 00:10:06,307
[disturbing music]

104
00:10:12,581 --> 00:10:14,748
[voices shouting]

105
00:10:20,087 --> 00:10:22,123
[police siren]

106
00:10:26,327 --> 00:10:27,194
[in Burmese]

107
00:10:31,632 --> 00:10:33,568
[blasts]

108
00:10:33,667 --> 00:10:36,103
[soft piano music]

109
00:10:36,203 --> 00:10:38,906
[shouting]

110
00:10:42,877 --> 00:10:48,215
[Orwell] <i>No book is genuinely</i>
<i>free from political bias.</i>

111
00:10:49,518 --> 00:10:51,152
<i>The opinion that art</i>

112
00:10:51,252 --> 00:10:53,622
<i>should have</i>
<i>nothing to do with politics</i>

113
00:10:53,721 --> 00:10:56,558
<i>is itself a political attitude.</i>

114
00:10:56,657 --> 00:10:59,226
[female vocalist
singing in French]

115
00:11:00,694 --> 00:11:02,263
[indistinct conversation]

116
00:11:19,614 --> 00:11:20,714
[girl in Burmese]

117
00:11:23,552 --> 00:11:24,451
[child in Burmese]

118
00:11:36,463 --> 00:11:40,502
[Orwell] <i>I had reduced</i>
<i>everything to the simple theory</i>

119
00:11:40,602 --> 00:11:42,671
<i>that the oppressed</i>
<i>are always right</i>

120
00:11:42,770 --> 00:11:45,139
<i>and the oppressors</i>
<i>are always wrong,</i>

121
00:11:46,273 --> 00:11:49,611
<i>a mistaken theory,</i>
<i>but the natural result</i>

122
00:11:49,710 --> 00:11:52,446
<i>of being one</i>
<i>of the oppressors yourself.</i>

123
00:11:54,848 --> 00:11:56,717
[music fades]

124
00:11:56,817 --> 00:11:59,320
[indistinct speech]

125
00:12:06,794 --> 00:12:09,063
[menacing music]

126
00:12:12,601 --> 00:12:16,103
<i>A society becomes totalitarian</i>
<i>when its structure</i>

127
00:12:16,203 --> 00:12:21,175
<i>becomes flagrantly artificial.</i>
<i>That is,</i>

128
00:12:21,275 --> 00:12:24,411
<i>when its ruling class</i>
<i>has lost its function,</i>

129
00:12:24,512 --> 00:12:29,517
<i>but succeeds in clinging</i>
<i>to power by force or fraud.</i>

130
00:12:30,985 --> 00:12:33,954
<i>But to be corrupted</i>
<i>by totalitarianism,</i>

131
00:12:34,054 --> 00:12:37,726
<i>one does not have to live</i>
<i>in a totalitarian country.</i>

132
00:12:37,825 --> 00:12:39,960
[general applause]

133
00:12:49,537 --> 00:12:51,238
[Bush] <i>Tonight,</i>
<i>I wanted to take a few minutes</i>

134
00:12:51,338 --> 00:12:53,608
<i>to discuss</i>
<i>a grave threat to peace.</i>

135
00:12:53,708 --> 00:12:55,876
The threat comes from Iraq.

136
00:12:57,144 --> 00:13:01,148
It arises directly from the
Iraqi regime's own actions,

137
00:13:02,116 --> 00:13:04,084
its history of aggression,

138
00:13:04,385 --> 00:13:07,921
and its drive
toward an arsenal of terror.

139
00:13:08,022 --> 00:13:10,592
[narrator] <i>We're at war</i>
<i>with the people of Eurasia,</i>

140
00:13:10,692 --> 00:13:12,092
<i>the vile and ruthless</i>
<i>aggressors</i>

141
00:13:12,192 --> 00:13:13,794
<i>who have committed</i>
<i>countless atrocities</i>

142
00:13:13,894 --> 00:13:15,697
<i>and who are guilty</i>
<i>of every bestial crime</i>

143
00:13:15,796 --> 00:13:17,031
<i>a human being can commit.</i>

144
00:13:17,131 --> 00:13:19,133
<i>They've laid waste to our land,</i>

145
00:13:19,233 --> 00:13:21,101
<i>destroyed our factories,</i>
<i>looted our homes,</i>

146
00:13:21,201 --> 00:13:23,337
<i>massacred our children</i>
<i>and raped our women!</i>

147
00:13:23,437 --> 00:13:28,475
When Iraq finally admitted
having these weapons in 1995,

148
00:13:28,576 --> 00:13:30,612
the quantities were vast.

149
00:13:30,712 --> 00:13:33,648
Less than a teaspoon
of dry anthrax,

150
00:13:33,748 --> 00:13:36,216
a little bit...
about this amount.

151
00:13:36,317 --> 00:13:38,553
[Orwell] <i>This kind of thing</i>
<i>happens everywhere,</i>

152
00:13:38,653 --> 00:13:43,357
<i>but it is clearly likelier to</i>
<i>lead to outright falsification</i>

153
00:13:43,457 --> 00:13:46,360
<i>in societies</i>
<i>where only one opinion</i>

154
00:13:46,460 --> 00:13:49,430
<i>is permissible</i>
<i>at any given moment.</i>

155
00:13:49,531 --> 00:13:50,397
[in Russian]

156
00:14:12,754 --> 00:14:14,388
[Orwell] <i>The organized lying</i>

157
00:14:14,488 --> 00:14:16,957
<i>practiced</i>
<i>by totalitarian states</i>

158
00:14:17,057 --> 00:14:19,927
<i>is not, as is sometimes</i>
<i>claimed,</i>

159
00:14:20,027 --> 00:14:23,030
<i>a temporary expedient</i>
<i>of the same nature</i>

160
00:14:23,130 --> 00:14:25,366
<i>as military deception.</i>

161
00:14:25,667 --> 00:14:29,704
<i>It is something integral</i>
<i>to totalitarianism,</i>

162
00:14:29,804 --> 00:14:31,673
<i>something that would</i>
<i>still continue</i>

163
00:14:31,773 --> 00:14:35,909
<i>even if concentration camps</i>
<i>and secret police forces</i>

164
00:14:36,009 --> 00:14:38,546
<i>had ceased to be necessary.</i>

165
00:14:39,913 --> 00:14:43,050
<i>Totalitarianism</i>
<i>demands, in fact,</i>

166
00:14:43,150 --> 00:14:46,253
<i>the continuous alteration</i>
<i>of the past</i>

167
00:14:46,353 --> 00:14:49,591
<i>and, in the long run,</i>
<i>probably demands a disbelief</i>

168
00:14:49,691 --> 00:14:54,061
<i>in the very existence</i>
<i>of objective truth.</i>

169
00:15:05,005 --> 00:15:07,341
[officer] How many fingers
am I holding up, Winston?

170
00:15:07,441 --> 00:15:08,475
Four.

171
00:15:08,576 --> 00:15:09,811
And if Big Brother

172
00:15:09,910 --> 00:15:12,680
were to say not four but five,

173
00:15:12,781 --> 00:15:14,214
then how many?

174
00:15:15,884 --> 00:15:17,519
Four.

175
00:15:17,619 --> 00:15:19,621
[Winston whimpering]

176
00:15:19,721 --> 00:15:21,556
How many fingers, Winston?

177
00:15:21,656 --> 00:15:24,024
Stop it! Anything! Five!

178
00:15:24,124 --> 00:15:25,660
-Stop the pain!
-No, Winston.

179
00:15:25,760 --> 00:15:29,263
That is no use. You are lying.
You still think you see four.

180
00:15:29,363 --> 00:15:30,497
But it's five!

181
00:15:30,598 --> 00:15:33,000
Two and two do not always
make four, Winston.

182
00:15:33,100 --> 00:15:34,334
Sometimes they make five.

183
00:15:34,435 --> 00:15:36,838
Again, how many fingers
am I holding up?

184
00:15:36,937 --> 00:15:38,706
[birds chirping]

185
00:15:39,973 --> 00:15:43,645
[Orwell] <i>August 26, 1946.</i>

186
00:15:43,944 --> 00:15:46,548
<i>A few showers in the afternoon.</i>

187
00:15:46,648 --> 00:15:49,149
<i>Otherwise a beautiful day.</i>

188
00:15:49,717 --> 00:15:53,454
<i>When the breeze drops,</i>
<i>the midges were so bad</i>

189
00:15:53,555 --> 00:15:56,390
<i>as to make it almost</i>
<i>impossible to work.</i>

190
00:15:56,490 --> 00:16:00,795
<i>One is actually breathing them</i>
<i>into one's nostrils,</i>

191
00:16:00,895 --> 00:16:03,430
<i>and the irritation</i>
<i>is maddening.</i>

192
00:16:05,199 --> 00:16:07,234
[soft, tense music]

193
00:16:11,071 --> 00:16:14,074
<i>I was born into</i>
<i>what you might describe</i>

194
00:16:14,174 --> 00:16:17,211
<i>as the lower</i>
<i>upper-middle class.</i>

195
00:16:19,547 --> 00:16:22,784
<i>People in this class</i>
<i>owned no land,</i>

196
00:16:22,884 --> 00:16:26,821
<i>but they felt that they were</i>
<i>landowners in the sight of God</i>

197
00:16:26,921 --> 00:16:29,156
<i>and kept up a semi-aristocratic</i>
<i>outlook</i>

198
00:16:29,256 --> 00:16:33,862
<i>by going into the professions</i>
<i>and the fighting services</i>

199
00:16:33,962 --> 00:16:36,163
<i>rather than into trade.</i>

200
00:16:39,032 --> 00:16:41,034
<i>To belong to this class,</i>

201
00:16:41,134 --> 00:16:44,071
<i>when you were</i>
<i>at the 400-pound-a-year level,</i>

202
00:16:44,171 --> 00:16:46,273
<i>was a queer business,</i>

203
00:16:46,373 --> 00:16:48,676
<i>for it meant</i>
<i>that your gentility</i>

204
00:16:48,776 --> 00:16:51,478
<i>was almost purely theoretical.</i>

205
00:16:51,880 --> 00:16:55,617
<i>Small boys used to count</i>
<i>the plum stones on their plates</i>

206
00:16:55,717 --> 00:16:58,987
<i>and foretell their destiny</i>
<i>by chanting,</i>

207
00:16:59,119 --> 00:17:03,190
<i>"Army, Navy, Church,</i>
<i>Medicine, Law."</i>

208
00:17:03,290 --> 00:17:05,125
[children clamoring]

209
00:17:05,560 --> 00:17:09,062
<i>Theoretically,</i>
<i>you knew all about servants</i>

210
00:17:09,162 --> 00:17:10,932
<i>and how to tip them,</i>

211
00:17:11,031 --> 00:17:12,399
<i>although in practice,</i>

212
00:17:12,499 --> 00:17:16,938
<i>you had one,</i>
<i>at most two, resident servants.</i>

213
00:17:17,505 --> 00:17:20,942
<i>Theoretically, you knew</i>
<i>how to wear your clothes</i>

214
00:17:21,041 --> 00:17:22,977
<i>and how to order a dinner,</i>

215
00:17:23,076 --> 00:17:24,478
<i>although in practice,</i>

216
00:17:24,579 --> 00:17:27,715
<i>you could never afford</i>
<i>to go to a decent tailor</i>

217
00:17:27,815 --> 00:17:30,050
<i>or a decent restaurant.</i>

218
00:17:30,417 --> 00:17:34,354
<i>Theoretically,</i>
<i>you knew how to shoot and ride,</i>

219
00:17:34,454 --> 00:17:38,091
<i>although in practice</i>
<i>you had no horses to ride</i>

220
00:17:38,191 --> 00:17:41,061
<i>and not an inch of ground</i>
<i>to shoot over.</i>

221
00:17:41,161 --> 00:17:43,363
-[indistinct chatter]
-[horse nickers]

222
00:17:43,463 --> 00:17:47,301
<i>It was this that explained</i>
<i>the attraction of India,</i>

223
00:17:47,401 --> 00:17:51,005
<i>more recently Kenya,</i>
<i>Nigeria, etc.,</i>

224
00:17:51,104 --> 00:17:54,008
<i>for the lower upper-middle</i>
<i>class.</i>

225
00:17:54,709 --> 00:17:58,846
<i>The people who went there</i>
<i>as soldiers and officials</i>

226
00:17:58,947 --> 00:18:00,648
<i>did not go there to make money,</i>

227
00:18:00,748 --> 00:18:04,886
<i>for a soldier or an official</i>
<i>does not want money.</i>

228
00:18:04,986 --> 00:18:07,589
<i>They went there</i>
<i>because in India,</i>

229
00:18:07,689 --> 00:18:11,025
<i>with cheap horses,</i>
<i>free shooting,</i>

230
00:18:11,124 --> 00:18:12,794
<i>and hordes of black servants,</i>

231
00:18:12,894 --> 00:18:17,197
<i>it was so easy</i>
<i>to play at being a gentleman.</i>

232
00:18:17,297 --> 00:18:19,299
-[birds calling]
-[rifle shot]

233
00:18:23,136 --> 00:18:25,372
[ambient jungle sounds]

234
00:18:26,975 --> 00:18:30,143
This is your cook. Name's Eza.

235
00:18:30,612 --> 00:18:31,579
Eza.

236
00:18:31,679 --> 00:18:33,681
[baby coos]

237
00:18:36,784 --> 00:18:40,187
And this is Juma, houseboy.

238
00:18:41,522 --> 00:18:42,590
Juma.

239
00:18:43,658 --> 00:18:45,492
[foreign language]

240
00:18:45,893 --> 00:18:48,328
Come. See your house.

241
00:18:48,428 --> 00:18:50,632
[upbeat, old-timey music]

242
00:18:57,705 --> 00:19:00,140
[indistinct chatter
and laughing]

243
00:19:01,576 --> 00:19:03,578
[Orwell]
<i>Under the capitalist system,</i>

244
00:19:03,678 --> 00:19:06,914
<i>in order that England may live</i>
<i>in comparative comfort,</i>

245
00:19:07,015 --> 00:19:12,820
<i>100 million Indians must live</i>
<i>on the verge of starvation.</i>

246
00:19:13,487 --> 00:19:16,758
<i>The alternative is to throw</i>
<i>the empire overboard</i>

247
00:19:16,858 --> 00:19:21,729
<i>and reduce England to a cold</i>
<i>and unimportant, little island</i>

248
00:19:21,829 --> 00:19:24,264
<i>where we should all have</i>
<i>to work very hard</i>

249
00:19:24,364 --> 00:19:27,869
<i>and live mainly on herrings</i>
<i>and potatoes.</i>

250
00:19:29,169 --> 00:19:31,271
<i>The fact</i>
<i>that has got to be faced</i>

251
00:19:31,371 --> 00:19:34,408
<i>is that to abolish</i>
<i>class distinctions</i>

252
00:19:34,509 --> 00:19:37,177
<i>means abolishing</i>
<i>a part of yourself.</i>

253
00:19:39,814 --> 00:19:44,251
<i>Here am I, a typical member</i>
<i>of the middle class.</i>

254
00:19:44,619 --> 00:19:49,123
<i>All my notions,</i>
<i>notions of good and evil,</i>

255
00:19:49,222 --> 00:19:51,993
<i>of pleasant and unpleasant,</i>

256
00:19:52,093 --> 00:19:54,062
<i>of funny and serious,</i>

257
00:19:54,162 --> 00:19:56,998
<i>of ugly and beautiful,</i>

258
00:19:57,297 --> 00:20:00,233
<i>are essentially middle-class</i>
<i>notions.</i>

259
00:20:00,333 --> 00:20:02,537
[solemn music]

260
00:20:10,111 --> 00:20:12,980
<i>Ward 3, Hairmyres Hospital,</i>

261
00:20:13,081 --> 00:20:15,917
<i>East Kilbride, near Glasgow,</i>

262
00:20:16,249 --> 00:20:19,453
<i>first of January, 1948.</i>

263
00:20:26,728 --> 00:20:31,498
<i>Dear Gwen, I believe Mr. Dick</i>
<i>sent you a line about my case.</i>

264
00:20:31,799 --> 00:20:34,102
<i>He said I had</i>
<i>a fairly extensive cavity</i>

265
00:20:34,202 --> 00:20:35,837
<i>in the left lung</i>

266
00:20:35,937 --> 00:20:37,171
<i>and also a small patch</i>

267
00:20:37,270 --> 00:20:39,306
<i>at the top of the other lung.</i>

268
00:20:39,741 --> 00:20:41,341
<i>The treatment they</i>
<i>are giving me</i>

269
00:20:41,441 --> 00:20:43,945
<i>is to put the left lung</i>
<i>out of action,</i>

270
00:20:44,045 --> 00:20:47,548
<i>which is supposed to give it</i>
<i>a better chance to heal.</i>

271
00:20:48,149 --> 00:20:53,187
<i>For the rest, I am still</i>
<i>really very ill and weak.</i>

272
00:20:53,320 --> 00:20:55,089
<i>It is a nice hospital</i>

273
00:20:55,189 --> 00:20:57,792
<i>and everyone</i>
<i>is extremely kind to me,</i>

274
00:20:57,892 --> 00:21:00,161
<i>but I have, of course,</i>
<i>done no work</i>

275
00:21:00,260 --> 00:21:01,996
<i>for two or three months.</i>

276
00:21:03,463 --> 00:21:05,298
[bird chirping]

277
00:21:05,398 --> 00:21:07,001
[wind gusting]

278
00:21:15,877 --> 00:21:18,311
[typewriter keys tapping]

279
00:21:25,452 --> 00:21:29,422
<i>"Some Eurasian prisoners,</i>
<i>guilty of war crimes,</i>

280
00:21:29,524 --> 00:21:32,560
<i>were to be hanged</i>
<i>in the park that evening,"</i>

281
00:21:32,894 --> 00:21:34,829
<i>Winston remembered.</i>

282
00:21:35,196 --> 00:21:37,265
<i>This happened</i>
<i>about once a month</i>

283
00:21:37,364 --> 00:21:40,433
<i>and was a popular spectacle.</i>

284
00:21:40,535 --> 00:21:43,704
<i>Children always clamored</i>
<i>to be taken to see it.</i>

285
00:21:43,805 --> 00:21:45,840
<i>"Why can't we go</i>
<i>and see the hanging?"</i>

286
00:21:46,207 --> 00:21:48,910
<i>roared the boy</i>
<i>in his huge voice.</i>

287
00:21:49,010 --> 00:21:52,246
<i>"Want to see the hanging,"</i>
<i>chanted the little girl,</i>

288
00:21:52,345 --> 00:21:54,081
<i>still capering 'round.</i>

289
00:21:55,016 --> 00:21:56,918
[crowd clamoring]

290
00:21:58,052 --> 00:22:00,487
<i>The warders had formed</i>
<i>in a rough circle</i>

291
00:22:00,588 --> 00:22:02,489
<i>around the gallows.</i>

292
00:22:02,824 --> 00:22:05,726
<i>And then,</i>
<i>when the noose was fixed,</i>

293
00:22:05,827 --> 00:22:08,930
<i>the prisoner began crying out</i>
<i>on his god.</i>

294
00:22:18,206 --> 00:22:20,508
<i>Minutes seemed to pass.</i>

295
00:22:20,608 --> 00:22:24,245
<i>The steady, muffled crying</i>
<i>from the prisoner</i>

296
00:22:24,344 --> 00:22:26,346
<i>went on and on.</i>

297
00:22:26,747 --> 00:22:30,383
<i>We looked at the lashed,</i>
<i>hooded man on the drop</i>

298
00:22:30,483 --> 00:22:32,753
<i>and listened to his cries,</i>

299
00:22:32,854 --> 00:22:35,488
<i>each cry</i>
<i>another second of life.</i>

300
00:22:35,590 --> 00:22:38,693
<i>Oh, kill him quickly.</i>
<i>Get it over.</i>

301
00:22:38,793 --> 00:22:40,828
<i>Stop that abominable noise.</i>

302
00:22:40,928 --> 00:22:42,997
[truck engines roar]

303
00:22:44,065 --> 00:22:46,901
[crowd cheering]

304
00:22:51,973 --> 00:22:55,776
<i>Most people approve</i>
<i>of capital punishment,</i>

305
00:22:55,877 --> 00:22:59,814
<i>but most people</i>
<i>wouldn't do the hangman's job.</i>

306
00:23:08,789 --> 00:23:12,059
-[man 1] <i>Let us in!</i>
-[man 2] Get in there!

307
00:23:21,135 --> 00:23:23,470
[woman] Are they trying
to get rid of all of us?

308
00:23:27,575 --> 00:23:29,076
[Trump]
<i>They were peaceful people.</i>

309
00:23:29,176 --> 00:23:30,578
<i>These were great people.</i>

310
00:23:30,678 --> 00:23:33,114
<i>The crowd was unbelievable,</i>

311
00:23:33,214 --> 00:23:34,382
<i>and I mentioned</i>
<i>the word "love,"</i>

312
00:23:34,481 --> 00:23:35,816
<i>the love, the love in the air,</i>

313
00:23:35,917 --> 00:23:37,919
<i>I've never seen</i>
<i>anything like it.</i>

314
00:23:38,019 --> 00:23:39,287
[man] Get in!

315
00:23:39,387 --> 00:23:41,188
[shouting]

316
00:23:41,488 --> 00:23:44,091
[man] Go! Go! Go!

317
00:23:45,159 --> 00:23:46,894
[man cheering]

318
00:23:46,994 --> 00:23:48,896
Go, go!

319
00:23:52,400 --> 00:23:53,935
[gunshot]

320
00:23:54,467 --> 00:23:58,372
[man] Oh, this is about to get
dirty, man. We gotta get back.

321
00:23:58,471 --> 00:24:00,174
He's got a gun. Get down.

322
00:24:01,275 --> 00:24:03,010
[dark music]

323
00:24:12,853 --> 00:24:14,088
Hey!

324
00:24:14,956 --> 00:24:16,657
Fuckin' A, man.

325
00:24:18,526 --> 00:24:21,662
[man] No! We're not putting up
with that either.

326
00:24:22,430 --> 00:24:24,231
[knocking on doors]

327
00:24:24,332 --> 00:24:27,168
[woman] 1776!

328
00:24:36,911 --> 00:24:42,049
FBI operatives were organizing
the attack on the Capitol.

329
00:24:55,730 --> 00:24:58,833
I don't believe
that Trump supporters did that.

330
00:24:58,933 --> 00:25:01,635
I think that they were enticed
by the FBI.

331
00:25:01,736 --> 00:25:03,871
[chanting] <i>Stop the steal!</i>

332
00:25:04,305 --> 00:25:09,443
[Orwell] <i>A totalitarian state</i>
<i>is in effect a theocracy</i>

333
00:25:09,543 --> 00:25:11,445
<i>and its ruling caste,</i>

334
00:25:11,545 --> 00:25:13,481
<i>in order to keep its position,</i>

335
00:25:13,581 --> 00:25:17,151
<i>has to be thought</i>
<i>of as infallible.</i>

336
00:25:17,251 --> 00:25:19,553
[Trump] <i>Congress</i>
<i>has certified the results.</i>

337
00:25:19,653 --> 00:25:20,988
<i>I don't wanna say</i>
<i>the election's over.</i>

338
00:25:21,088 --> 00:25:21,922
<i>I just wanna say--</i>

339
00:25:23,457 --> 00:25:25,359
Congress
has certified the results

340
00:25:25,459 --> 00:25:27,862
without saying
the election's over, okay?

341
00:25:27,962 --> 00:25:32,099
My only goal was to ensure
the integrity of the vote.

342
00:25:33,267 --> 00:25:37,638
My only goal was to ensure
the integrity of the vote.

343
00:25:38,139 --> 00:25:41,809
[Orwell] <i>Since, in practice,</i>
<i>no one is infallible,</i>

344
00:25:41,909 --> 00:25:45,846
<i>it is frequently necessary</i>
<i>to rearrange past events</i>

345
00:25:45,946 --> 00:25:50,084
<i>in order to show that this</i>
<i>or that mistake was not made</i>

346
00:25:50,184 --> 00:25:54,488
<i>or that this or that imaginary</i>
<i>triumph actually happened.</i>

347
00:25:54,588 --> 00:25:56,824
The Dominion Voting Systems,

348
00:25:56,924 --> 00:26:00,227
the Smartmatic technology
software,

349
00:26:00,327 --> 00:26:04,932
and the software that goes
in other computerized
voting systems here as well,

350
00:26:05,032 --> 00:26:10,237
not just Dominion,
were created in Venezuela.

351
00:26:10,337 --> 00:26:12,173
[solemn piano music]

352
00:26:27,522 --> 00:26:29,757
[woman] <i>You can tell</i>
<i>he hasn't done anything wrong</i>

353
00:26:29,857 --> 00:26:32,226
just by his demeanor.

354
00:26:32,326 --> 00:26:34,829
I mean, he would be trying
to hide things.

355
00:26:34,929 --> 00:26:37,164
[Orwell] <i>Already,</i>
<i>there are countless people</i>

356
00:26:37,264 --> 00:26:41,001
<i>who'd think it scandalous to</i>
<i>falsify a scientific textbook,</i>

357
00:26:41,102 --> 00:26:45,840
<i>but would see nothing wrong in</i>
<i>falsifying a historical fact.</i>

358
00:26:45,940 --> 00:26:49,343
Trump is blocking witnesses.

359
00:26:52,446 --> 00:26:53,714
I don't care.

360
00:26:57,218 --> 00:26:58,919
[man]
<i>I'm with him to the finish.</i>

361
00:26:59,019 --> 00:27:01,722
He could stand on the front
steps of the White House

362
00:27:01,822 --> 00:27:05,159
and commit murder,
and I'm with him. [laughter]

363
00:27:05,259 --> 00:27:07,194
[indistinct clamoring]

364
00:27:09,163 --> 00:27:11,298
[car horn honking]

365
00:27:14,268 --> 00:27:16,770
[reporter] How do you explain
all these charges?

366
00:27:16,871 --> 00:27:18,772
Well, they're all made up.

367
00:27:18,873 --> 00:27:21,942
-They're all made up?
-Yup, they're all made up.

368
00:27:22,042 --> 00:27:23,911
So, the election interference
in Georgia.

369
00:27:24,011 --> 00:27:26,280
Sidney Powell
and Kenneth Chesebro,

370
00:27:26,380 --> 00:27:27,848
who work for Donald Trump,

371
00:27:27,948 --> 00:27:29,984
they just plead guilty...

372
00:27:30,084 --> 00:27:31,719
I don't believe that either.

373
00:27:31,819 --> 00:27:34,021
You don't believe
they plead guilty?

374
00:27:34,121 --> 00:27:35,122
Nope.

375
00:27:35,489 --> 00:27:38,826
[Orwell] <i>The friends of</i>
<i>totalitarianism in this country</i>

376
00:27:38,926 --> 00:27:42,531
<i>usually tend to argue that,</i>
<i>since absolute truth</i>

377
00:27:42,631 --> 00:27:44,031
<i>is not attainable,</i>

378
00:27:44,131 --> 00:27:49,270
<i>a big lie is no worse</i>
<i>than a little lie.</i>

379
00:27:49,703 --> 00:27:54,475
The list of Trump lies
filled an entire page

380
00:27:54,576 --> 00:27:55,809
of <i>The New York Times.</i>

381
00:27:55,910 --> 00:27:58,879
It includes only
what the <i>Times</i> calls

382
00:27:58,979 --> 00:28:01,882
"demonstrably false statements."

383
00:28:01,982 --> 00:28:05,252
-[intriguing music]
-[printer sounds]

384
00:28:23,704 --> 00:28:26,140
[music fades to end]

385
00:28:30,579 --> 00:28:32,681
[distant church bell tolling]

386
00:28:33,047 --> 00:28:36,250
[Orwell]
<i>Second of January, 1948.</i>

387
00:28:36,350 --> 00:28:40,821
<i>Dear Julian, thanks ever so</i>
<i>for sending the pen,</i>

388
00:28:40,921 --> 00:28:43,658
<i>which, as you see, I am using.</i>

389
00:28:44,225 --> 00:28:46,860
<i>I think I'm getting</i>
<i>a bit better.</i>

390
00:28:46,961 --> 00:28:48,762
<i>I don't feel quite</i>
<i>so death-like</i>

391
00:28:48,862 --> 00:28:51,600
<i>and I'm eating a lot more.</i>

392
00:28:51,700 --> 00:28:54,468
<i>I can't show you</i>
<i>the part-finished novel.</i>

393
00:28:54,569 --> 00:28:59,073
<i>I never show them to anybody</i>
<i>because they're just a mess</i>

394
00:28:59,173 --> 00:29:00,675
<i>and don't have</i>
<i>much relationship</i>

395
00:29:00,774 --> 00:29:02,677
<i>to the final draft.</i>

396
00:29:03,177 --> 00:29:06,648
<i>I always say</i>
<i>a book doesn't exist</i>

397
00:29:06,747 --> 00:29:08,382
<i>until it is finished.</i>

398
00:29:12,587 --> 00:29:14,755
[tense music]

399
00:29:17,191 --> 00:29:20,127
<i>Every major change in policy</i>

400
00:29:20,227 --> 00:29:23,831
<i>demands a corresponding change</i>
<i>of doctrine</i>

401
00:29:23,931 --> 00:29:28,035
<i>and a revelation of prominent</i>
<i>historical figures.</i>

402
00:29:44,519 --> 00:29:47,855
<i>If the leader says</i>
<i>of such-and-such an event,</i>

403
00:29:47,955 --> 00:29:49,823
<i>"It never happened,"</i>

404
00:29:49,923 --> 00:29:52,661
<i>well, it never happened.</i>

405
00:29:53,294 --> 00:29:56,731
<i>If he says</i>
<i>that two and two are five,</i>

406
00:29:56,830 --> 00:29:59,867
<i>well, two and two are five.</i>

407
00:30:01,068 --> 00:30:04,673
<i>This prospect frightens me</i>
<i>much more than bombs</i>

408
00:30:05,039 --> 00:30:07,542
<i>and that is not</i>
<i>a frivolous statement.</i>

409
00:30:09,611 --> 00:30:10,545
[Modi in Hindi]

410
00:30:21,121 --> 00:30:23,824
<i>The Life of Rosa Parks.</i>

411
00:30:23,924 --> 00:30:27,961
This is apparently too woke
by the Republican Party.

412
00:30:28,062 --> 00:30:30,097
<i>Song of Solomon</i>

413
00:30:30,197 --> 00:30:33,735
is unacceptable
to Republican politics.

414
00:30:33,834 --> 00:30:37,204
Forty percent of banned books

415
00:30:37,304 --> 00:30:40,841
reported are significantly
addressing

416
00:30:40,941 --> 00:30:43,911
and specifically addressing
LGBT issues.

417
00:31:27,254 --> 00:31:30,725
When we talk about
progressive values,

418
00:31:30,825 --> 00:31:33,193
I can say what my progressive
value is,

419
00:31:33,293 --> 00:31:35,896
and that is freedom
over fascism.

420
00:31:35,996 --> 00:31:38,633
-[metal dials spinning]
-[dark music]

421
00:32:30,050 --> 00:32:32,219
[music fades]

422
00:32:40,360 --> 00:32:43,497
Let's say you take these books
out of the library.

423
00:32:43,832 --> 00:32:45,332
What are you gonna do with them?

424
00:32:45,432 --> 00:32:46,901
Are you gonna put them
in the street?

425
00:32:47,000 --> 00:32:50,103
Light them on fire?
Where are they going?

426
00:32:50,204 --> 00:32:53,140
I don't have a clue,
but I would burn them.

427
00:32:53,675 --> 00:32:55,175
[harrowing music]

428
00:33:07,622 --> 00:33:10,357
[Orwell] <i>From the totalitarian</i>
<i>point of view,</i>

429
00:33:10,457 --> 00:33:12,794
<i>history is something</i>
<i>to be created</i>

430
00:33:12,894 --> 00:33:15,062
<i>rather than learned.</i>

431
00:33:17,264 --> 00:33:19,299
This is what I will do
to the grooming books

432
00:33:19,399 --> 00:33:21,669
when I become
Secretary of State.

433
00:33:29,978 --> 00:33:32,580
[men shouting]

434
00:33:35,950 --> 00:33:38,118
[birds chirping]

435
00:33:39,453 --> 00:33:45,392
[Orwell] <i>Ward 3, Hairmyres</i>
<i>Hospital, 20th of April, 1948.</i>

436
00:33:45,760 --> 00:33:48,563
<i>Dear Julian, I am a lot better,</i>

437
00:33:48,663 --> 00:33:51,666
<i>but I had a bad fortnight</i>
<i>with the secondary effects</i>

438
00:33:51,766 --> 00:33:53,768
<i>of the streptomycin.</i>

439
00:33:54,268 --> 00:33:57,137
<i>I am still fearfully weak</i>
<i>and thin,</i>

440
00:33:57,237 --> 00:33:59,473
<i>but they seem pleased</i>
<i>with my case,</i>

441
00:33:59,574 --> 00:34:03,343
<i>and I think I may get out</i>
<i>sometime during the summer.</i>

442
00:34:03,443 --> 00:34:07,047
<i>I'm longing to get up to Jura</i>
<i>at any rate</i>

443
00:34:07,147 --> 00:34:09,851
<i>and see how the farm work</i>
<i>is going,</i>

444
00:34:10,183 --> 00:34:12,820
<i>but I should have to be careful</i>
<i>not to do much.</i>

445
00:34:12,921 --> 00:34:14,656
[distant crow cawing]

446
00:34:14,756 --> 00:34:16,223
[marching footsteps]

447
00:34:23,898 --> 00:34:28,703
<i>The goosestep</i>
<i>is one of the most horrible</i>
<i>sights in the world.</i>

448
00:34:29,202 --> 00:34:32,674
<i>It is simply an affirmation</i>
<i>of naked power.</i>

449
00:34:32,774 --> 00:34:38,111
<i>In it is the vision of a boot</i>
<i>crashing down on a face.</i>

450
00:34:39,313 --> 00:34:41,214
<i>The goosestep</i>
<i>is not used in England</i>

451
00:34:41,315 --> 00:34:44,986
<i>because the people</i>
<i>in the street would laugh.</i>

452
00:34:45,085 --> 00:34:47,087
[solemn music]

453
00:35:01,736 --> 00:35:03,671
[crowd clamoring]

454
00:35:07,542 --> 00:35:09,644
<i>First, I spent five years</i>

455
00:35:09,744 --> 00:35:13,280
<i>in an unsuitable profession</i>
<i>in Burma.</i>

456
00:35:13,715 --> 00:35:17,585
<i>This increased</i>
<i>my natural hatred of authority.</i>

457
00:35:25,392 --> 00:35:28,195
<i>The Spanish war</i>
<i>and other events</i>

458
00:35:28,295 --> 00:35:32,165
<i>in 1936-7 turned the scale,</i>

459
00:35:32,634 --> 00:35:36,370
<i>and thereafter,</i>
<i>I knew where I stood.</i>

460
00:35:42,977 --> 00:35:44,211
[in Spanish]

461
00:36:26,788 --> 00:36:29,657
[arguing]

462
00:37:48,401 --> 00:37:49,971
[speaking in Spanish]

463
00:38:01,115 --> 00:38:02,449
[crickets chirping]

464
00:38:02,550 --> 00:38:06,120
[Orwell] <i>31st of July, 1937.</i>

465
00:38:06,486 --> 00:38:10,390
<i>Dear Rayner,</i>
<i>thanks so much for your letter.</i>

466
00:38:10,490 --> 00:38:13,161
<i>-I was glad to hear from you.</i>
<i>-</i> [artillery fire]

467
00:38:13,261 --> 00:38:17,698
<i>We had an interesting</i>
<i>but thoroughly bloody time</i>
<i>in Spain.</i>

468
00:38:18,199 --> 00:38:21,468
<i>Of course, I would never</i>
<i>have allowed Eileen to come</i>

469
00:38:21,569 --> 00:38:23,871
<i>nor probably gone myself</i>

470
00:38:23,971 --> 00:38:26,574
<i>if I had foreseen</i>
<i>the political developments.</i>

471
00:38:26,674 --> 00:38:29,944
<i>Especially the suppression</i>
<i>of the POUM,</i>

472
00:38:30,044 --> 00:38:33,714
<i>the party in whose militia</i>
<i>I was serving.</i>

473
00:38:40,288 --> 00:38:42,023
<i>It was a queer business.</i>

474
00:38:42,123 --> 00:38:45,860
<i>We started off by being</i>
<i>heroic defenders of democracy</i>

475
00:38:45,960 --> 00:38:48,729
<i>and ended by slipping</i>
<i>over the border</i>

476
00:38:48,830 --> 00:38:51,532
<i>with the police</i>
<i>panting on our heels.</i>

477
00:38:51,966 --> 00:38:54,669
<i>But though we ourselves</i>
<i>got out all right,</i>

478
00:38:54,769 --> 00:38:58,471
<i>nearly all our friends</i>
<i>and acquaintances are in jail</i>

479
00:38:58,573 --> 00:39:01,175
<i>and likely to be there</i>
<i>indefinitely</i>

480
00:39:01,275 --> 00:39:03,644
<i>not actually charged</i>
<i>with anything,</i>

481
00:39:03,744 --> 00:39:06,714
<i>but suspected of Trotskyism.</i>

482
00:39:07,248 --> 00:39:11,919
<i>What I saw in Spain has</i>
<i>given me a horror of politics.</i>

483
00:39:14,522 --> 00:39:16,524
<i>But what impressed me then</i>

484
00:39:16,624 --> 00:39:18,826
<i>and has impressed me ever since</i>

485
00:39:19,160 --> 00:39:22,530
<i>is that atrocities are</i>
<i>believed in or disbelieved in</i>

486
00:39:22,630 --> 00:39:26,567
<i>solely on grounds</i>
<i>of political predilection.</i>

487
00:39:27,835 --> 00:39:31,205
<i>Everyone believes</i>
<i>in the atrocities of the enemy</i>

488
00:39:31,305 --> 00:39:34,075
<i>and disbelieves</i>
<i>in those of his own side</i>

489
00:39:34,175 --> 00:39:38,112
<i>without ever bothering</i>
<i>to examine the evidence.</i>

490
00:39:38,212 --> 00:39:39,814
[wind gusting]

491
00:39:47,955 --> 00:39:53,794
<i>Every line of serious work</i>
<i>that I have written since 1936</i>

492
00:39:53,895 --> 00:39:57,164
<i>has been written</i>
<i>directly or indirectly</i>

493
00:39:57,265 --> 00:39:59,166
<i>against totalitarianism</i>

494
00:39:59,267 --> 00:40:03,571
<i>and for democratic socialism</i>
<i>as I understand it.</i>

495
00:40:03,671 --> 00:40:07,241
Revolution! [cackling]

496
00:40:07,341 --> 00:40:11,045
[Orwell] Animal Farm <i>was the</i>
<i>first book in which I tried,</i>

497
00:40:11,145 --> 00:40:13,714
<i>with full consciousness</i>
<i>of what I was doing,</i>

498
00:40:13,814 --> 00:40:17,852
<i>to fuse political purpose</i>
<i>and artistic purpose</i>

499
00:40:17,952 --> 00:40:20,087
<i>into one whole.</i>

500
00:40:20,187 --> 00:40:22,356
-Read it to me.
-Hm.

501
00:40:22,489 --> 00:40:25,425
[donkey] "All animals are equal

502
00:40:25,693 --> 00:40:29,764
but some animals
are more equal than others."

503
00:40:29,864 --> 00:40:31,666
[goat] More equal than others?

504
00:40:31,766 --> 00:40:34,936
♪ <i>Praise to him</i>
<i>The font of all our wisdom</i> ♪

505
00:40:35,036 --> 00:40:37,772
♪ <i>Long to live</i>
<i>The ruler of our farm</i> ♪

506
00:40:37,872 --> 00:40:41,409
♪ <i>Napoleon, mighty leader</i> ♪

507
00:40:41,509 --> 00:40:44,444
♪ <i>Mighty leader</i>
<i>Watching over us</i> ♪

508
00:40:45,212 --> 00:40:47,715
♪ <i>Napoleon, mighty leader</i> ♪

509
00:40:47,815 --> 00:40:51,319
♪ <i>Mighty leader</i>
<i>Watching over us</i> ♪

510
00:40:51,419 --> 00:40:54,855
♪ <i>Shout, shout, shout out loud</i>
<i>Snout, snout, pink and proud ♪</i>

511
00:40:54,956 --> 00:40:58,125
♪ <i>Perfect pig</i>
<i>You bless us with your beauty</i> ♪

512
00:40:58,225 --> 00:41:01,696
♪ <i>Hallowed hod</i>
<i>How wondrous is your glow</i> ♪

513
00:41:01,796 --> 00:41:04,732
♪ <i>Napoleon, mighty leader</i> ♪

514
00:41:04,832 --> 00:41:07,802
♪ <i>Mighty leader</i>
<i>Watching over us</i> ♪

515
00:41:07,902 --> 00:41:11,339
♪ <i>Napoleon, mighty leader</i> ♪

516
00:41:11,439 --> 00:41:13,975
♪ <i>Mighty leader</i>
<i>Watching over us</i> ♪

517
00:41:14,075 --> 00:41:16,077
[crowd cheers]

518
00:41:16,177 --> 00:41:19,447
♪ <i>Snout, snout, pink and proud</i>
<i>Shout, shout, shout out loud</i> ♪

519
00:41:19,547 --> 00:41:22,817
♪ <i>Snout, snout, pink and proud</i>
<i>Shout, shout, shout out loud</i> ♪

520
00:41:22,917 --> 00:41:25,619
♪ <i>Two legs better</i>
<i>Four legs good</i> ♪

521
00:41:25,720 --> 00:41:28,689
I decree that this farm
will now devote itself

522
00:41:28,789 --> 00:41:31,692
to the making of weapons,
to the building of walls

523
00:41:31,792 --> 00:41:35,029
for the protection of ourselves
and our way of life!

524
00:41:35,129 --> 00:41:38,032
The revolution is over.

525
00:41:38,132 --> 00:41:40,601
All animals are now free!

526
00:41:40,701 --> 00:41:43,270
-[crowd cheers]
-[ducks honking]

527
00:41:50,277 --> 00:41:52,580
[war planes humming]

528
00:42:00,454 --> 00:42:02,089
[blast]

529
00:42:02,590 --> 00:42:04,558
[man over loudspeaker]
<i>Take cover at once!</i>

530
00:42:04,658 --> 00:42:06,694
<i>Take cover at once!</i>

531
00:42:08,295 --> 00:42:10,197
[blasts]

532
00:42:16,003 --> 00:42:18,039
[solemn music]

533
00:42:23,377 --> 00:42:24,712
[baby crying]

534
00:42:24,812 --> 00:42:26,981
[planes passing overhead]

535
00:42:29,518 --> 00:42:31,185
[distant explosion]

536
00:42:31,285 --> 00:42:33,220
[police siren]

537
00:42:49,003 --> 00:42:51,072
[screaming]

538
00:43:15,229 --> 00:43:18,499
[Orwell]
<i>Winston tried to squeeze out</i>
<i>some childhood memory</i>

539
00:43:18,599 --> 00:43:22,803
<i>that should tell him</i>
<i>whether London</i>
<i>had always been like this.</i>

540
00:43:22,903 --> 00:43:27,741
<i>Were there always these vistas</i>
<i>of rotting 19th-century houses?</i>

541
00:43:27,842 --> 00:43:31,479
<i>Their sides shored up</i>
<i>with baulks of timbers,</i>

542
00:43:31,580 --> 00:43:33,881
<i>their windows patched</i>
<i>with cardboard</i>

543
00:43:33,981 --> 00:43:36,317
<i>and their roofs</i>
<i>with corrugated iron,</i>

544
00:43:36,417 --> 00:43:41,388
<i>their crazy garden walls</i>
<i>sagging in all directions,</i>

545
00:43:41,755 --> 00:43:43,757
<i>and the bombed sites</i>

546
00:43:43,858 --> 00:43:47,194
<i>where the plaster dust</i>
<i>swirled in the air</i>

547
00:43:47,294 --> 00:43:51,232
<i>and the willow-herb straggled</i>
<i>over the heaps of rubble</i>

548
00:43:51,332 --> 00:43:56,237
<i>and the places where the bombs</i>
<i>had cleared a large patch,</i>

549
00:43:56,337 --> 00:44:01,142
<i>and there sprung up sordid</i>
<i>colonies of wooden dwellings</i>

550
00:44:01,242 --> 00:44:03,110
<i>like chicken houses.</i>

551
00:44:08,215 --> 00:44:12,453
<i>But it was no use.</i>
<i>He could not remember.</i>

552
00:44:12,554 --> 00:44:14,922
<i>Nothing remained</i>
<i>of his childhood</i>

553
00:44:15,022 --> 00:44:18,292
<i>except a series</i>
<i>of bright-lit tableaux</i>

554
00:44:18,392 --> 00:44:20,828
<i>occurring against no background</i>

555
00:44:20,928 --> 00:44:23,731
<i>and mostly unintelligible.</i>

556
00:44:24,198 --> 00:44:28,702
♪ <i>Sing to the sailors</i>
<i>On the floating fortress</i> ♪

557
00:44:28,802 --> 00:44:33,207
♪ <i>Sing to the soldiers</i>
<i>On the battlefields</i> ♪

558
00:44:33,307 --> 00:44:37,778
♪ <i>Sing to the airmen</i>
<i>In the burning azure</i> ♪

559
00:44:37,878 --> 00:44:41,882
♪ <i>Sing to the farmers</i>
<i>Rising yields</i> ♪

560
00:44:41,982 --> 00:44:45,286
[Orwell] <i>It is not easy for me</i>
<i>to think of my school days</i>

561
00:44:45,386 --> 00:44:48,822
<i>without seeming to breathe in</i>
<i>a whiff of something cold</i>

562
00:44:48,923 --> 00:44:50,559
<i>and evil-smelling,</i>

563
00:44:50,659 --> 00:44:54,228
<i>a sort of compound</i>
<i>of sweaty stockings,</i>

564
00:44:54,328 --> 00:44:55,796
<i>dirty towels,</i>

565
00:44:55,896 --> 00:44:58,699
<i>fecal smells</i>
<i>blowing along corridors,</i>

566
00:44:58,799 --> 00:45:02,203
<i>forks with old food</i>
<i>between the prongs,</i>

567
00:45:02,303 --> 00:45:03,971
<i>neck-of-mutton stew,</i>

568
00:45:04,071 --> 00:45:06,106
<i>and the banging doors</i>
<i>of the lavatories</i>

569
00:45:06,207 --> 00:45:09,476
<i>and the echoing chamber pots</i>
<i>in the dormitories.</i>

570
00:45:09,578 --> 00:45:11,712
[sustained harmonica song]

571
00:45:14,148 --> 00:45:16,417
[harmonica cacophony echoing]

572
00:45:24,325 --> 00:45:25,859
[schoolmaster shouts]

573
00:45:25,960 --> 00:45:29,631
[Orwell] <i>By the social standards</i>
<i>that prevailed about me,</i>

574
00:45:29,730 --> 00:45:33,267
<i>I was no good</i>
<i>and could not be any good,</i>

575
00:45:33,702 --> 00:45:35,769
<i>but all the different</i>
<i>kinds of virtue</i>

576
00:45:35,869 --> 00:45:38,239
<i>seemed to be</i>
<i>mysteriously interconnected</i>

577
00:45:38,339 --> 00:45:41,610
<i>and to belong</i>
<i>to much the same people.</i>

578
00:45:41,710 --> 00:45:44,078
<i>It was not only money</i>
<i>that mattered.</i>

579
00:45:44,178 --> 00:45:48,015
<i>There were also strength,</i>
<i>beauty, charm,</i>

580
00:45:48,115 --> 00:45:51,919
<i>athleticism,</i>
<i>and something called "guts"</i>

581
00:45:52,019 --> 00:45:55,289
<i>or character, which in reality,</i>

582
00:45:55,389 --> 00:45:59,026
<i>meant the power</i>
<i>to impose your will on others.</i>

583
00:45:59,426 --> 00:46:02,930
<i>I did not possess</i>
<i>any of these qualities.</i>

584
00:46:03,030 --> 00:46:06,300
<i>I lived in a world of boys,</i>
<i>gregarious animals</i>

585
00:46:06,400 --> 00:46:10,037
<i>questioning nothing, accepting</i>
<i>the law of the stronger</i>

586
00:46:10,137 --> 00:46:12,873
<i>and avenging</i>
<i>their own humiliations</i>

587
00:46:12,973 --> 00:46:16,110
<i>by passing them down</i>
<i>to someone smaller.</i>

588
00:46:16,210 --> 00:46:17,378
[in Russian]

589
00:46:21,650 --> 00:46:22,517
[Putin]

590
00:46:29,423 --> 00:46:30,291
[Putin]

591
00:46:46,407 --> 00:46:49,577
[officer]
There are five fingers there.

592
00:46:49,678 --> 00:46:51,845
Do you see five fingers?

593
00:46:52,913 --> 00:46:54,415
[man] Yes.

594
00:46:54,516 --> 00:46:56,183
[film reel rolling]

595
00:46:56,283 --> 00:46:58,419
[solemn music]

596
00:47:07,928 --> 00:47:10,532
[indistinct speech]

597
00:47:25,879 --> 00:47:28,849
-[war planes rushing]
-[explosions]

598
00:47:29,216 --> 00:47:31,185
[scattered artillery fire]

599
00:47:39,561 --> 00:47:41,895
[labored breathing]

600
00:48:18,666 --> 00:48:20,401
[engines humming]

601
00:48:29,711 --> 00:48:32,212
[Orwell]
<i>This is a political age.</i>

602
00:48:32,514 --> 00:48:36,751
<i>War, fascism,</i>
<i>concentration camps,</i>

603
00:48:36,851 --> 00:48:39,721
<i>rubber truncheons, atomic bombs</i>

604
00:48:39,821 --> 00:48:41,989
<i>are what we daily think about</i>

605
00:48:42,456 --> 00:48:46,460
<i>and therefore, to a great</i>
<i>extent, what we write about,</i>

606
00:48:46,561 --> 00:48:49,997
<i>even when we do not</i>
<i>name them openly.</i>

607
00:48:51,666 --> 00:48:52,901
<i>We cannot help this.</i>

608
00:48:53,000 --> 00:48:55,102
<i>When you are on a sinking ship,</i>

609
00:48:55,202 --> 00:48:59,206
<i>your thoughts</i>
<i>will be about sinking ships.</i>

610
00:49:07,247 --> 00:49:09,517
-[birds calling]
-[wind gusting]

611
00:49:12,554 --> 00:49:17,090
<i>Barnhill, Isle of Jura,</i>
<i>Argyllshire.</i>

612
00:49:17,958 --> 00:49:21,563
<i>22nd of October, 1948.</i>

613
00:49:21,863 --> 00:49:24,632
<i>Dear Fred,</i>
<i>I shall finish the book,</i>

614
00:49:24,732 --> 00:49:27,434
Deo Volente <i>, early in November,</i>

615
00:49:27,535 --> 00:49:30,270
<i>and I am rather flinching</i>
<i>from the job of typing it</i>

616
00:49:30,370 --> 00:49:33,407
<i>because it is a very</i>
<i>awkward thing to do in bed</i>

617
00:49:33,508 --> 00:49:36,276
<i>where I still have to spend</i>
<i>half the time.</i>

618
00:49:37,110 --> 00:49:38,513
<i>I can't send it away</i>

619
00:49:38,613 --> 00:49:41,516
<i>because it is an unbelievably</i>
<i>bad manuscript</i>

620
00:49:41,616 --> 00:49:45,687
<i>and no one could make head or</i>
<i>tail of it without explanation.</i>

621
00:49:45,787 --> 00:49:47,187
<i>I think it is a good idea,</i>

622
00:49:47,287 --> 00:49:49,624
<i>but the execution</i>
<i>would have been better</i>

623
00:49:49,724 --> 00:49:54,027
<i>if I had not written it under</i>
<i>the influence of tuberculosis.</i>

624
00:49:54,394 --> 00:49:56,997
<i>I haven't definitely</i>
<i>fixed on the title,</i>

625
00:49:57,097 --> 00:50:01,803
<i>but I am hesitating</i>
<i>between</i> 1984

626
00:50:01,903 --> 00:50:05,138
<i>and</i> The Last Man in Europe.

627
00:50:07,407 --> 00:50:10,277
-[intriguing music]
-[crow cawing]

628
00:50:14,214 --> 00:50:18,686
<i>When I was 14 or 15,</i>
<i>I was an odious little snob,</i>

629
00:50:19,386 --> 00:50:23,257
<i>but no worse than other boys</i>
<i>of my own age and class.</i>

630
00:50:23,791 --> 00:50:27,394
<i>I was very young,</i>
<i>not much more than six,</i>

631
00:50:27,494 --> 00:50:31,331
<i>when I first became aware</i>
<i>of class distinctions.</i>

632
00:50:34,368 --> 00:50:37,137
[man] Ah, I think
you look pretty smart.

633
00:50:37,839 --> 00:50:39,574
You look like a gentleman.

634
00:50:40,775 --> 00:50:42,175
[Orwell] <i>I despised anyone</i>

635
00:50:42,276 --> 00:50:44,879
<i>who was not describable</i>
<i>as a gentleman,</i>

636
00:50:44,979 --> 00:50:47,582
<i>but I also hated</i>
<i>the hoggishly rich,</i>

637
00:50:47,682 --> 00:50:50,552
<i>especially those who had grown</i>
<i>rich too recently.</i>

638
00:50:50,652 --> 00:50:54,454
I look down on him
because I am upper class.

639
00:50:54,556 --> 00:50:58,325
I look up to him
because he is upper class,

640
00:50:58,425 --> 00:51:01,563
but I look down on him
because he is lower class.

641
00:51:01,663 --> 00:51:02,997
[audience laughter]

642
00:51:03,096 --> 00:51:05,132
I am middle class.

643
00:51:07,535 --> 00:51:09,704
I know my place.

644
00:51:10,137 --> 00:51:13,608
[Orwell]
<i>Hence, at the age of 17 or 18,</i>

645
00:51:13,708 --> 00:51:15,242
<i>I was both a snob</i>

646
00:51:15,342 --> 00:51:17,444
<i>and a revolutionary.</i>

647
00:51:17,812 --> 00:51:19,781
<i>I was against all authority</i>

648
00:51:19,881 --> 00:51:22,784
<i>and I loosely described myself</i>
<i>as a socialist,</i>

649
00:51:22,884 --> 00:51:26,353
<i>but I had not much grasp</i>
<i>of what socialism meant</i>

650
00:51:26,453 --> 00:51:30,257
<i>and no notion that the working</i>
<i>class were human beings.</i>

651
00:51:30,357 --> 00:51:33,493
We'll have no pissing
in the corners.

652
00:51:33,795 --> 00:51:35,897
Not allowed. Frowned upon.

653
00:51:35,997 --> 00:51:37,164
It's not very hygienic, is it?

654
00:51:37,264 --> 00:51:38,666
[foreman] It's downright filthy.

655
00:51:38,766 --> 00:51:40,969
-[man] May I ask a question?
-[foreman] Fire away.

656
00:51:41,069 --> 00:51:43,103
What's your views
on the ozone layer?

657
00:51:43,203 --> 00:51:44,505
[foreman]
I'll turn a blind eye to it

658
00:51:44,606 --> 00:51:46,941
as long as it doesn't interfere
with the job.

659
00:51:47,041 --> 00:51:50,979
[Orwell] <i>I knew nothing</i>
<i>about working-class conditions.</i>

660
00:51:51,079 --> 00:51:52,747
<i>I had read</i>
<i>the unemployment figures,</i>

661
00:51:52,847 --> 00:51:56,017
<i>but I had no notion</i>
<i>of what they implied.</i>

662
00:51:56,116 --> 00:52:00,088
♪ <i>I'm a four-loom weaver</i> ♪

663
00:52:00,187 --> 00:52:05,093
♪ <i>As many a one knows</i> ♪

664
00:52:05,693 --> 00:52:11,131
♪ <i>I've not to eat</i>
<i>And I've worn out me clothes</i> ♪

665
00:52:11,231 --> 00:52:13,333
[crowd clamoring]

666
00:52:13,433 --> 00:52:15,770
♪ <i>Me clogs are both broken</i> ♪

667
00:52:15,870 --> 00:52:19,139
[Orwell] <i>Above all, I did not</i>
<i>know the essential fact</i>

668
00:52:19,239 --> 00:52:22,744
<i>that respectable poverty</i>
<i>is always the worst.</i>

669
00:52:22,844 --> 00:52:25,747
<i>The frightful doom</i>
<i>of a decent working man</i>

670
00:52:25,847 --> 00:52:30,150
<i>suddenly thrown on the streets</i>
<i>after a lifetime</i>
<i>of steady work,</i>

671
00:52:30,250 --> 00:52:33,487
<i>his agonized struggles</i>
<i>against economic laws</i>

672
00:52:33,588 --> 00:52:35,355
<i>which he does not understand,</i>

673
00:52:35,455 --> 00:52:39,861
<i>the disintegration of families,</i>
<i>the corroding sense of shame,</i>

674
00:52:40,293 --> 00:52:43,965
<i>all this was outside the range</i>
<i>of my experience.</i>

675
00:52:44,065 --> 00:52:46,034
["Four Loom Weaver" continues]

676
00:52:46,134 --> 00:52:47,568
<i>When I thought of poverty,</i>

677
00:52:47,669 --> 00:52:50,805
<i>I thought of it in terms</i>
<i>of brute starvation.</i>

678
00:52:50,905 --> 00:52:55,543
<i>Therefore, my mind</i>
<i>turned immediately</i>
<i>towards the extreme cases,</i>

679
00:52:55,643 --> 00:52:59,981
<i>the social outcasts,</i>
<i>tramps, beggars,</i>

680
00:53:00,081 --> 00:53:01,582
<i>criminals, prostitutes.</i>

681
00:53:01,683 --> 00:53:04,217
<i>These were the lowest</i>
<i>of the low</i>

682
00:53:04,317 --> 00:53:08,823
<i>and these were the people</i>
<i>with whom I wanted</i>
<i>to get in contact.</i>

683
00:53:08,923 --> 00:53:10,558
[solemn piano music]

684
00:53:12,459 --> 00:53:14,862
[distant dogs barking]

685
00:53:15,395 --> 00:53:18,198
<i>What I profoundly wanted</i>
<i>at that time</i>

686
00:53:18,298 --> 00:53:23,470
<i>was to find some way</i>
<i>of getting out of the</i>
<i>respectable world altogether.</i>

687
00:53:23,571 --> 00:53:26,074
<i>I meditated upon it</i>
<i>a great deal.</i>

688
00:53:26,174 --> 00:53:29,376
<i>I even planned parts of it</i>
<i>in detail.</i>

689
00:53:29,476 --> 00:53:33,246
<i>How one could sell everything,</i>
<i>give everything away,</i>

690
00:53:33,614 --> 00:53:37,384
<i>change one's name,</i>
<i>and start out with no money</i>

691
00:53:37,484 --> 00:53:41,022
<i>and nothing but the clothes</i>
<i>one stood up in.</i>

692
00:53:41,756 --> 00:53:45,593
<i>But in real life, nobody</i>
<i>ever does that kind of thing.</i>

693
00:53:47,294 --> 00:53:49,262
[gruel squelching]

694
00:53:50,497 --> 00:53:52,633
[spoon scraping pot bottom]

695
00:53:52,734 --> 00:53:54,001
[ambient chatter]

696
00:53:58,539 --> 00:54:02,810
<i>As Syme had done earlier,</i>
<i>Winston had taken up his spoon</i>

697
00:54:02,910 --> 00:54:05,580
<i>and was dabbling</i>
<i>in the pale-colored gravy</i>

698
00:54:05,680 --> 00:54:07,648
<i>that dribbled across the table,</i>

699
00:54:07,749 --> 00:54:11,753
<i>drawing a long streak of it</i>
<i>out into a pattern.</i>

700
00:54:12,553 --> 00:54:14,689
<i>He meditated resentfully</i>

701
00:54:14,789 --> 00:54:17,457
<i>on the physical texture</i>
<i>of life.</i>

702
00:54:22,362 --> 00:54:24,532
-Mister.
-What is it, son?

703
00:54:24,632 --> 00:54:27,635
Can you watch my seat and else
if I got my spoon?

704
00:54:27,735 --> 00:54:30,638
I'll give you my spoon, son.
I'm finished.

705
00:54:32,140 --> 00:54:35,375
[soft symphonic music]

706
00:54:39,614 --> 00:54:42,049
-[worrisome music]
-[animals grunting]

707
00:54:45,520 --> 00:54:48,288
[Orwell] <i>You discover</i>
<i>what it is like to be hungry</i>

708
00:54:48,388 --> 00:54:51,291
<i>with bread and margarine</i>
<i>in your belly.</i>

709
00:54:51,391 --> 00:54:54,461
<i>You go out</i>
<i>and look into the shop windows.</i>

710
00:54:54,562 --> 00:54:57,965
<i>Everywhere, there is</i>
<i>food insulting you</i>

711
00:54:58,065 --> 00:55:00,768
<i>in huge, wasteful piles,</i>

712
00:55:01,269 --> 00:55:03,104
<i>whole dead pigs,</i>

713
00:55:03,204 --> 00:55:04,972
<i>baskets of hot loaves,</i>

714
00:55:05,072 --> 00:55:08,976
<i>great yellow blocks of butter,</i>
<i>strings of sausages...</i>

715
00:55:09,076 --> 00:55:11,679
-[marketplace chatter]
<i>-...mountains of potatoes,</i>

716
00:55:11,779 --> 00:55:15,448
<i>vast Gruyere cheese</i>
<i>like grindstones.</i>

717
00:55:15,550 --> 00:55:18,019
<i>A sniveling self-pity</i>
<i>comes over you</i>

718
00:55:18,119 --> 00:55:20,655
<i>at the sight of so much food.</i>

719
00:55:20,755 --> 00:55:23,356
<i>You plan to grab a loaf</i>
<i>and run,</i>

720
00:55:23,456 --> 00:55:26,093
<i>swallowing it</i>
<i>before they catch you</i>

721
00:55:26,194 --> 00:55:29,096
<i>and you refrain from pure funk.</i>

722
00:55:30,231 --> 00:55:32,667
[classical music
over phone line]

723
00:55:35,937 --> 00:55:37,839
-[music stops]
-[operator] <i>We're sorry,</i>

724
00:55:37,939 --> 00:55:39,841
<i>but all our</i>
<i>customer-service agents</i>

725
00:55:39,941 --> 00:55:41,341
<i>are busy at the moment.</i>

726
00:55:41,441 --> 00:55:43,110
<i>Please hold</i>
<i>and we will answer your call...</i>

727
00:55:43,211 --> 00:55:46,214
[classical music continues]

728
00:55:46,314 --> 00:55:47,315
[man sighs]

729
00:55:47,414 --> 00:55:48,850
[Orwell]
<i>You discover the boredom</i>

730
00:55:48,950 --> 00:55:51,586
<i>which is inseparable</i>
<i>from poverty,</i>

731
00:55:51,686 --> 00:55:53,955
<i>the times</i>
<i>when you have nothing to do</i>

732
00:55:54,055 --> 00:55:58,659
<i>and, being underfed, can</i>
<i>interest yourself in nothing.</i>

733
00:55:59,026 --> 00:56:02,630
<i>For half a day at a time,</i>
<i>you lie on your bed,</i>

734
00:56:02,730 --> 00:56:04,497
<i>feeling like</i>
<i>the</i> jeune squelette

735
00:56:04,599 --> 00:56:06,399
<i>in Baudelaire's poem.</i>

736
00:56:06,499 --> 00:56:09,036
<i>Only food could rouse you.</i>

737
00:56:09,136 --> 00:56:13,608
<i>You discover that a man</i>
<i>who's gone even a week on bread</i>

738
00:56:13,708 --> 00:56:17,245
<i>and margarine</i>
<i>is not a man any longer,</i>

739
00:56:17,612 --> 00:56:22,183
<i>only a belly</i>
<i>with a few accessory organs.</i>

740
00:56:22,516 --> 00:56:24,484
[Michael Moore] <i>The top 1%</i>

741
00:56:24,585 --> 00:56:27,255
that controlled
90% of the wealth

742
00:56:27,355 --> 00:56:31,659
had two major political parties
doing their bidding for them,

743
00:56:31,759 --> 00:56:35,296
and the other 99%
had no political party!

744
00:56:35,395 --> 00:56:37,031
[crowd laughing]

745
00:56:39,533 --> 00:56:41,702
[solemn music]

746
00:56:53,080 --> 00:56:56,217
[Orwell] <i>Beggars do not work,</i>
<i>it is said,</i>

747
00:56:56,317 --> 00:56:58,920
<i>but then what is work?</i>

748
00:56:59,887 --> 00:57:02,690
<i>A navvy works</i>
<i>by swinging a pick.</i>

749
00:57:02,790 --> 00:57:06,294
<i>An accountant works</i>
<i>by adding up figures.</i>

750
00:57:06,394 --> 00:57:09,130
<i>A beggar works</i>
<i>by standing out of doors</i>

751
00:57:09,230 --> 00:57:12,633
<i>in all weathers</i>
<i>and getting varicose veins,</i>

752
00:57:12,733 --> 00:57:15,269
<i>chronic bronchitis, etc.</i>

753
00:57:15,369 --> 00:57:18,572
<i>It is a trade like any other,</i>

754
00:57:18,673 --> 00:57:20,841
<i>quite useless, of course,</i>

755
00:57:21,275 --> 00:57:25,379
<i>but then many reputable trades</i>
<i>are quite useless,</i>

756
00:57:25,746 --> 00:57:27,447
<i>and as a social type,</i>

757
00:57:27,548 --> 00:57:30,651
<i>a beggar compares well</i>
<i>with scores of others.</i>

758
00:57:31,085 --> 00:57:35,890
<i>He is honest compared</i>
<i>with the sellers</i>
<i>of most patent medicines,</i>

759
00:57:35,990 --> 00:57:40,695
<i>high-minded compared with</i>
<i>a Sunday-newspaper proprietor.</i>

760
00:57:40,795 --> 00:57:44,532
<i>A beggar,</i>
<i>looked at realistically,</i>

761
00:57:44,632 --> 00:57:46,367
<i>is simply a businessman</i>

762
00:57:46,466 --> 00:57:49,270
<i>getting his living</i>
<i>like other businessmen</i>

763
00:57:49,370 --> 00:57:52,239
<i>in the way that comes to hand.</i>

764
00:57:52,673 --> 00:57:56,110
<i>He has not,</i>
<i>more than most modern people,</i>

765
00:57:56,210 --> 00:57:57,945
<i>sold his honor.</i>

766
00:57:58,312 --> 00:58:01,983
<i>He has merely made the mistake</i>
<i>of choosing a trade</i>

767
00:58:02,083 --> 00:58:05,619
<i>at which</i>
<i>it is impossible to grow rich.</i>

768
00:58:08,389 --> 00:58:09,757
[digital trilling]

769
00:58:18,299 --> 00:58:20,500
[music building]

770
00:58:28,776 --> 00:58:29,977
[sultry techno music]

771
00:58:30,077 --> 00:58:31,545
♪ <i>Three</i> ♪

772
00:58:31,645 --> 00:58:33,681
♪ <i>Two, one</i> ♪

773
00:58:33,781 --> 00:58:38,486
<i>The underlying fact</i>
<i>was that the whole position</i>
<i>of the moneyed class</i>

774
00:58:38,586 --> 00:58:41,555
<i>had long ceased</i>
<i>to be justifiable.</i>

775
00:58:43,424 --> 00:58:45,059
<i>The existence of these people</i>

776
00:58:45,159 --> 00:58:48,863
<i>was by any standard</i>
<i>unjustifiable.</i>

777
00:58:49,263 --> 00:58:53,634
<i>They were simply parasites,</i>
<i>less useful to society</i>

778
00:58:53,734 --> 00:58:56,070
<i>than his fleas are to a dog.</i>

779
00:58:56,170 --> 00:58:59,140
-[tense piano music]
-[excited clamoring]

780
00:58:59,240 --> 00:59:00,641
Oh, that's great!

781
00:59:00,741 --> 00:59:02,943
Can you move your head a little?

782
00:59:05,813 --> 00:59:09,784
<i>The British ruling class</i>
<i>could not admit to themselves</i>

783
00:59:09,884 --> 00:59:11,952
<i>that their usefulness</i>
<i>was at an end.</i>

784
00:59:12,653 --> 00:59:16,857
<i>It was not possible for them</i>
<i>to turn themselves</i>
<i>into mere bandits</i>

785
00:59:16,957 --> 00:59:19,593
<i>like the American millionaires.</i>

786
00:59:20,661 --> 00:59:24,198
<i>Clearly, there was only one</i>
<i>escape for them:</i>

787
00:59:24,298 --> 00:59:26,100
<i>into stupidity.</i>

788
00:59:28,936 --> 00:59:31,238
[woman on radio] <i>The Ministry</i>
<i>of Peace is happy to report</i>

789
00:59:31,338 --> 00:59:34,708
<i>that thanks to the vigilance</i>
<i>of our gallant interceptors,</i>

790
00:59:34,809 --> 00:59:38,112
<i>no Eurasian rocket bomb</i>
<i>was able to reach targets</i>

791
00:59:38,212 --> 00:59:40,247
<i>of any importance.</i>

792
00:59:40,714 --> 00:59:43,084
<i>We continue now</i>
<i>with our regular broadcast.</i>

793
00:59:43,184 --> 00:59:44,752
[sensor beeping]

794
00:59:48,656 --> 00:59:51,959
[pinging]

795
00:59:52,059 --> 00:59:55,763
There are parts in southern
China where smart cameras

796
00:59:55,863 --> 00:59:58,699
placed around the intersection
will recognize who you are.

797
00:59:58,799 --> 01:00:01,969
You could have your face covered
or you could be obscured.

798
01:00:02,069 --> 01:00:04,805
These systems
are very, very smart.

799
01:00:04,905 --> 01:00:06,974
They can recognize you by gait,

800
01:00:07,074 --> 01:00:09,443
by posture,
by how you're walking,

801
01:00:09,544 --> 01:00:11,479
and so if you've caused
an infraction,

802
01:00:11,580 --> 01:00:15,584
your face gets thrown up
on a digital billboard
at that intersection

803
01:00:15,683 --> 01:00:18,152
along with your name
and where you work,

804
01:00:18,252 --> 01:00:21,288
and that information
is transmitted to your employers

805
01:00:21,388 --> 01:00:23,057
and to your family members.

806
01:00:25,226 --> 01:00:26,327
[Lin Junyue in Mandarin]

807
01:00:35,336 --> 01:00:37,404
[classical music]

808
01:00:38,806 --> 01:00:40,941
[music begins distorting]

809
01:01:08,402 --> 01:01:12,139
[AI greeting customers
in different languages]

810
01:01:12,641 --> 01:01:15,943
[Tufecki] <i>Much of the technology</i>
<i>that threatens our freedom</i>

811
01:01:16,043 --> 01:01:18,279
<i>and our dignity</i>
<i>in the near-term future</i>

812
01:01:18,379 --> 01:01:22,449
<i>is being developed by companies</i>
<i>in the business of capturing</i>

813
01:01:22,850 --> 01:01:25,386
<i>and selling our data</i>
<i>and our attention</i>

814
01:01:25,486 --> 01:01:27,589
<i>to advertisers and others.</i>

815
01:01:27,688 --> 01:01:30,858
[woman's voice] Smith,
outer-party members

816
01:01:30,958 --> 01:01:33,827
have to wear
their identification badges
in the evening.

817
01:01:41,402 --> 01:01:44,205
Don't forget again!

818
01:01:44,805 --> 01:01:48,577
If the people in power
are using these algorithms

819
01:01:48,677 --> 01:01:51,946
to quietly watch us,

820
01:01:52,046 --> 01:01:54,315
to judge us and to nudge us,

821
01:01:54,415 --> 01:01:58,285
to predict and identify the
troublemakers and the rebels,

822
01:01:58,385 --> 01:02:03,490
that authoritarianism will
envelop us like a spider's web,

823
01:02:03,592 --> 01:02:06,327
and we may not even know
we're in it.

824
01:02:06,427 --> 01:02:08,295
[propellers buzzing]

825
01:02:08,395 --> 01:02:11,999
The surveillance capitalists
have tried to get us to believe

826
01:02:12,099 --> 01:02:16,770
that their practices
are the inevitable outgrowth

827
01:02:16,870 --> 01:02:18,305
of digital technologies.

828
01:02:18,405 --> 01:02:23,645
So, that's why I believe
that the future is private.

829
01:02:24,078 --> 01:02:27,748
This is the next chapter
for our services.

830
01:02:27,848 --> 01:02:29,551
What do you prefer?

831
01:02:29,817 --> 01:02:34,288
Being safer when you wake up
in the morning
and go to the street

832
01:02:34,388 --> 01:02:39,260
or not being, you know,
analyzed by AI systems?

833
01:02:39,360 --> 01:02:40,761
I wanna be safer.

834
01:02:40,861 --> 01:02:42,096
♪ <i>What do you prefer?</i> ♪

835
01:02:42,196 --> 01:02:43,497
[Etshtein] <i>What do you prefer?</i>

836
01:02:43,598 --> 01:02:44,699
♪ <i>Safer when you stir?</i> ♪

837
01:02:44,798 --> 01:02:46,467
[Etshtein] <i>What do you prefer?</i>

838
01:02:46,568 --> 01:02:48,402
♪ <i>Or not be scared by AI?</i> ♪

839
01:02:48,502 --> 01:02:51,972
-♪ <i>Tell me no lies</i>
<i>I wanna be safer</i> ♪

840
01:02:52,072 --> 01:02:54,441
-[Etshtein] <i>I wanna be safer.</i>
<i>-</i> ♪ <i>I wanna be safer</i> ♪

841
01:02:54,542 --> 01:02:57,579
<i>Safer. Safer. Safer.</i>

842
01:02:57,679 --> 01:02:59,213
♪ <i>I wanna be safer</i> ♪

843
01:02:59,313 --> 01:03:02,082
[Trump] Surveillance
is okay if you don't mind.

844
01:03:02,182 --> 01:03:04,885
I wanna be... I wanna surveil.

845
01:03:04,985 --> 01:03:08,322
I want surveillance of these
people that are coming in.

846
01:03:08,422 --> 01:03:12,293
The Trojan horse, I wanna know
who the hell they are.

847
01:03:22,202 --> 01:03:24,805
[Snowden] You don't have
to have done anything wrong.

848
01:03:24,905 --> 01:03:28,309
You simply have to eventually
fall under suspicion
from somebody,

849
01:03:28,409 --> 01:03:30,077
even by a wrong call,

850
01:03:30,177 --> 01:03:33,047
and then they can use the system
to go back in time

851
01:03:33,147 --> 01:03:35,883
and scrutinize every decision
you've ever made,

852
01:03:35,983 --> 01:03:38,720
every friend you've ever
discussed something with

853
01:03:38,819 --> 01:03:41,388
and attack you on that basis

854
01:03:41,488 --> 01:03:45,292
to sort of derive suspicion
from an innocent life

855
01:03:45,392 --> 01:03:48,596
and paint anyone
in the context of a wrongdoer.

856
01:03:48,697 --> 01:03:51,165
[sinister music]

857
01:03:56,003 --> 01:03:58,405
It should be that when
we make things more productive,

858
01:03:58,506 --> 01:04:01,643
when we greatly
increase productivity,
it helps everybody,

859
01:04:01,743 --> 01:04:05,647
but there's the worry that
it might just help the rich.

860
01:04:05,747 --> 01:04:08,215
[female voice] <i>The new,</i>
<i>model-three generative android</i>

861
01:04:08,315 --> 01:04:11,018
<i>from Funky is a fully</i>
<i>autonomous humanoid robot</i>

862
01:04:11,118 --> 01:04:13,722
<i>with features never before seen</i>
<i>in the consumer market.</i>

863
01:04:13,822 --> 01:04:17,891
[Zuboff] We are increasingly
trapped in a world of no escape

864
01:04:17,991 --> 01:04:21,663
and even if we want
to make a choice, we can't.

865
01:04:21,763 --> 01:04:24,131
[upbeat, old-timey music]

866
01:04:24,231 --> 01:04:27,167
[Orwell] <i>It would probably not</i>
<i>be beyond human ingenuity</i>

867
01:04:27,267 --> 01:04:29,403
<i>to write books by machinery,</i>

868
01:04:29,503 --> 01:04:31,372
<i>but a sort of</i>
<i>mechanizing process</i>

869
01:04:31,472 --> 01:04:35,242
<i>can already be seen at work</i>
<i>in the film and radio,</i>

870
01:04:35,342 --> 01:04:37,411
<i>in publicity and propaganda,</i>

871
01:04:37,512 --> 01:04:40,548
<i>and in the lower reaches</i>
<i>of journalism.</i>

872
01:04:40,914 --> 01:04:45,185
<i>Even so, what they write is</i>
<i>merely a kind of raw material</i>

873
01:04:45,285 --> 01:04:48,723
<i>to be chopped into shape</i>
<i>by producers and censors.</i>

874
01:04:48,823 --> 01:04:52,527
<i>Books would be planned in their</i>
<i>broad lines by bureaucrats</i>

875
01:04:52,627 --> 01:04:55,429
<i>and would pass through so many</i>
<i>hands that when finished,</i>

876
01:04:55,530 --> 01:04:58,600
<i>they would be no more</i>
<i>an individual product</i>

877
01:04:58,700 --> 01:05:02,302
<i>than a Ford car at the end</i>
<i>of the assembly line.</i>

878
01:05:02,936 --> 01:05:04,438
<i>It goes without saying</i>

879
01:05:04,539 --> 01:05:08,041
<i>that anything so produced</i>
<i>would be rubbish.</i>

880
01:05:08,142 --> 01:05:10,978
<i>At present, we know only that</i>
<i>the imagination,</i>

881
01:05:11,078 --> 01:05:13,147
<i>like certain wild animals,</i>

882
01:05:13,247 --> 01:05:16,551
<i>will not breed in captivity.</i>

883
01:05:16,651 --> 01:05:19,286
[radio jingle]

884
01:05:19,386 --> 01:05:21,021
[newscaster]
<i>Every hour of the day,</i>

885
01:05:21,121 --> 01:05:22,356
<i>the voice of London</i>
<i>goes around...</i>

886
01:05:22,456 --> 01:05:25,727
[Orwell]
<i>Second of December, 1942.</i>

887
01:05:25,827 --> 01:05:27,662
<i>Dear George Woodcock,</i>

888
01:05:27,762 --> 01:05:29,463
<i>as to the ethics</i>
<i>of broadcasting</i>

889
01:05:29,564 --> 01:05:32,132
<i>and in general</i>
<i>letting oneself be used</i>

890
01:05:32,232 --> 01:05:34,334
<i>by the British governing class,</i>

891
01:05:34,435 --> 01:05:37,004
<i>it's of little value</i>
<i>to argue about it,</i>

892
01:05:37,104 --> 01:05:41,475
<i>but for heaven's sake,</i>
<i>don't think I don't see</i>
<i>how they are using me.</i>

893
01:05:41,576 --> 01:05:44,612
<i>I doubt whether I shall stay</i>
<i>in this job very much longer,</i>

894
01:05:44,712 --> 01:05:48,716
<i>but while here, I consider</i>
<i>I have kept our propaganda</i>

895
01:05:48,817 --> 01:05:50,785
<i>slightly less disgusting</i>

896
01:05:50,885 --> 01:05:53,588
<i>than it might otherwise</i>
<i>have been.</i>

897
01:05:53,688 --> 01:05:55,690
[lighthearted music]

898
01:05:59,794 --> 01:06:01,529
[wheels squeaking]

899
01:06:03,197 --> 01:06:07,902
The Tribune <i>,</i>
<i>222 London Western Central 2,</i>

900
01:06:08,001 --> 01:06:11,138
<i>14th of July, 1944.</i>

901
01:06:11,606 --> 01:06:15,777
<i>Dear John Murry,</i>
<i>I am smothered under work,</i>

902
01:06:15,877 --> 01:06:18,078
<i>and also I've been bombed out</i>

903
01:06:18,178 --> 01:06:21,148
<i>and we have a very young baby</i>
<i>we adopted,</i>

904
01:06:21,248 --> 01:06:22,684
<i>a three-week-old boy</i>

905
01:06:22,784 --> 01:06:26,987
<i>who Eileen and I christened</i>
<i>Richard Horatio Blair,</i>

906
01:06:27,321 --> 01:06:30,625
<i>all of which</i>
<i>adds to one's work.</i>

907
01:06:30,991 --> 01:06:33,126
<i>Life is pretty full now.</i>

908
01:06:33,227 --> 01:06:36,831
<i>What a wonderful thing</i>
<i>to have a kid of one's own.</i>

909
01:06:36,931 --> 01:06:39,099
<i>I've always wanted one so.</i>

910
01:06:41,101 --> 01:06:44,706
[newscaster]
<i>The Pacific service from London</i>
<i>is sending you all greetings</i>

911
01:06:44,806 --> 01:06:47,542
<i>and wishing the best of luck</i>
<i>to those of you listening</i>

912
01:06:47,642 --> 01:06:51,144
<i>who are serving</i>
<i>in our armed forces on sea,</i>

913
01:06:51,245 --> 01:06:54,381
<i>land or in the air</i>
<i>and in the merchant navy...</i>

914
01:06:54,481 --> 01:06:59,119
[Orwell]
<i>BBC, 24th of September, 1943,</i>

915
01:06:59,219 --> 01:07:01,321
<i>Dear Mr. Rushbrook-Williams,</i>

916
01:07:01,421 --> 01:07:04,659
<i>in confirmation of what I said</i>
<i>to you earlier in private,</i>

917
01:07:04,759 --> 01:07:08,362
<i>I want to tender my resignation</i>
<i>from the BBC.</i>

918
01:07:08,863 --> 01:07:13,200
<i>I am not leaving because of any</i>
<i>disagreement with BBC policy.</i>

919
01:07:13,300 --> 01:07:16,069
<i>On the contrary,</i>
<i>I feel that I have been treated</i>

920
01:07:16,169 --> 01:07:18,006
<i>with the greatest generosity</i>

921
01:07:18,105 --> 01:07:20,608
<i>and allowed</i>
<i>very great latitude.</i>

922
01:07:20,942 --> 01:07:24,579
<i>I am tendering my resignation</i>
<i>because for some time past,</i>

923
01:07:24,679 --> 01:07:28,115
<i>I have been conscious</i>
<i>that I was wasting my own time</i>

924
01:07:28,215 --> 01:07:30,050
<i>and the public money.</i>

925
01:07:30,417 --> 01:07:32,720
<i>I feel that by going back</i>
<i>to my normal work</i>

926
01:07:32,820 --> 01:07:36,123
<i>of writing and journalism,</i>
<i>I could be more useful</i>

927
01:07:36,223 --> 01:07:38,960
<i>than I am at present.</i>

928
01:07:39,092 --> 01:07:41,361
-[solemn music]
-[birds chirping]

929
01:07:54,842 --> 01:07:57,745
<i>Hotel Scribe, Rue Scribe,</i>

930
01:07:57,845 --> 01:08:01,783
<i>Paris 9th, 13th of April, 1945.</i>

931
01:08:02,517 --> 01:08:04,052
<i>Dear Tony,</i>

932
01:08:04,151 --> 01:08:05,620
<i>I don't know whether</i>
<i>you will have heard</i>

933
01:08:05,720 --> 01:08:08,890
<i>from some other source</i>
<i>about what has happened.</i>

934
01:08:08,990 --> 01:08:10,858
<i>Eileen is dead.</i>

935
01:08:11,158 --> 01:08:13,528
<i>It was a most horrible</i>
<i>thing to happen</i>

936
01:08:13,628 --> 01:08:16,430
<i>because she had had</i>
<i>five really miserable years</i>

937
01:08:16,531 --> 01:08:18,633
<i>of bad health and overwork,</i>

938
01:08:18,733 --> 01:08:21,468
<i>and things were just beginning</i>
<i>to get better,</i>

939
01:08:21,569 --> 01:08:23,605
<i>but it was terribly sad</i>
<i>that she should die</i>

940
01:08:23,705 --> 01:08:26,574
<i>when she had become</i>
<i>so devoted to Richard</i>

941
01:08:26,674 --> 01:08:29,777
<i>and was making such a good job</i>
<i>of his upbringing.</i>

942
01:08:29,877 --> 01:08:33,081
<i>Richard, I am glad to say,</i>
<i>is very well,</i>

943
01:08:33,180 --> 01:08:36,249
<i>and for the moment</i>
<i>is provided for.</i>

944
01:08:37,619 --> 01:08:40,088
[soft piano music]

945
01:08:40,187 --> 01:08:43,390
-[low murmurs]
-[man clears throat]

946
01:08:51,699 --> 01:08:53,233
[hesitating]

947
01:09:29,137 --> 01:09:30,404
[whoosh]

948
01:09:32,239 --> 01:09:34,676
[intriguing music]

949
01:09:50,925 --> 01:09:52,492
[branch snaps]

950
01:10:11,244 --> 01:10:12,847
Look.

951
01:10:17,451 --> 01:10:19,419
-[Winston] It's a dream.
-[Orwell] <i>But for a moment,</i>

952
01:10:19,520 --> 01:10:21,421
<i>he did not look at her body.</i>

953
01:10:21,756 --> 01:10:24,324
<i>His eyes were anchored</i>
<i>by the freckled face</i>

954
01:10:24,424 --> 01:10:26,994
<i>with its faint, bold smile.</i>

955
01:10:27,360 --> 01:10:31,966
<i>He knelt down before her</i>
<i>and took her hands in his.</i>

956
01:10:32,399 --> 01:10:34,001
[Winston]
<i>Have you done this before?</i>

957
01:10:34,802 --> 01:10:36,003
[Julia] <i>Of course!</i>

958
01:10:36,938 --> 01:10:38,673
Hundreds of times.

959
01:10:40,108 --> 01:10:42,643
-With party members?
-Yes.

960
01:10:42,944 --> 01:10:44,344
Inner-party members?

961
01:10:44,444 --> 01:10:48,549
Not with those bastards,
though there's plenty who would.

962
01:10:48,883 --> 01:10:50,551
[Orwell] <i>His heart leapt.</i>

963
01:10:52,252 --> 01:10:54,689
[soft singing in French]

964
01:10:58,325 --> 01:11:00,460
<i>"In the old days," he thought,</i>

965
01:11:00,561 --> 01:11:02,964
<i>"a man looked at a girl's body</i>

966
01:11:03,064 --> 01:11:04,766
<i>and saw that it was desirable,</i>

967
01:11:04,866 --> 01:11:07,267
<i>and that was the end</i>
<i>of the story.</i>

968
01:11:07,568 --> 01:11:09,904
<i>But you could not have</i>
<i>pure love</i>

969
01:11:10,004 --> 01:11:11,873
<i>or pure lust nowadays.</i>

970
01:11:12,874 --> 01:11:14,842
<i>No emotion was pure</i>

971
01:11:14,942 --> 01:11:18,946
<i>because everything was mixed up</i>
<i>with fear and hatred.</i>

972
01:11:19,213 --> 01:11:21,916
<i>Their embrace</i>
<i>had been a battle,</i>

973
01:11:22,016 --> 01:11:24,685
<i>the climax a victory.</i>

974
01:11:24,786 --> 01:11:28,455
<i>It was a blow struck</i>
<i>against the party.</i>

975
01:11:28,556 --> 01:11:30,792
<i>It was a political act."</i>

976
01:11:30,892 --> 01:11:32,960
[music fades]

977
01:11:33,060 --> 01:11:35,029
[chanting hymn sung]

978
01:11:38,733 --> 01:11:40,701
<i>In the past, at any rate,</i>

979
01:11:40,802 --> 01:11:43,971
<i>throughout</i>
<i>the Protestant centuries,</i>

980
01:11:44,071 --> 01:11:45,438
<i>the idea of rebellion</i>

981
01:11:45,540 --> 01:11:48,709
<i>and the idea</i>
<i>of intellectual integrity</i>

982
01:11:48,810 --> 01:11:50,144
<i>were mixed up.</i>

983
01:11:50,545 --> 01:11:53,948
<i>A heretic, political,</i>
<i>moral, religious,</i>

984
01:11:54,048 --> 01:11:57,118
<i>or esthetic was one who refused</i>

985
01:11:57,218 --> 01:11:59,821
<i>to outrage his own conscience.</i>

986
01:12:00,221 --> 01:12:01,454
<i>His outlook was summed up</i>

987
01:12:01,556 --> 01:12:04,391
<i>in the words</i>
<i>of the revivalist hymn,</i>

988
01:12:04,491 --> 01:12:06,359
<i>"Dare to be a Daniel</i>

989
01:12:06,459 --> 01:12:08,229
<i>Dare to stand alone</i>

990
01:12:08,328 --> 01:12:10,531
<i>Dare to have a purpose firm</i>

991
01:12:11,199 --> 01:12:13,267
<i>Dare to make it known."</i>

992
01:12:13,901 --> 01:12:18,539
<i>To bring this hymn up to date,</i>
<i>one would have to add a don't</i>

993
01:12:18,639 --> 01:12:21,275
<i>at the beginning of each line.</i>

994
01:12:21,642 --> 01:12:22,910
[Milan Kundera in French]

995
01:13:15,830 --> 01:13:17,832
[solemn music]

996
01:13:23,104 --> 01:13:26,807
[Orwell] <i>Daring to stand alone</i>
<i>is ideologically criminal</i>

997
01:13:26,908 --> 01:13:30,011
<i>as well as practically</i>
<i>dangerous.</i>

998
01:13:30,477 --> 01:13:32,513
<i>The idea</i>
<i>of intellectual liberty</i>

999
01:13:32,613 --> 01:13:36,250
<i>is under attack</i>
<i>from two directions.</i>

1000
01:13:36,817 --> 01:13:40,288
<i>On the one side</i>
<i>are its theoretical enemies,</i>

1001
01:13:40,388 --> 01:13:42,356
<i>the apologists</i>
<i>of totalitarianism...</i>

1002
01:13:42,455 --> 01:13:45,092
-[clamoring]
-[gunshots]

1003
01:13:54,568 --> 01:13:56,637
[shouting in Russian]

1004
01:14:12,520 --> 01:14:13,621
[speaking Arabic]

1005
01:14:14,855 --> 01:14:16,991
[newscaster] <i>Jamal Khashoggi</i>
<i>was a Saudi journalist</i>

1006
01:14:17,091 --> 01:14:20,428
<i>and an outspoken critic</i>
<i>of his country's government.</i>

1007
01:14:20,528 --> 01:14:25,599
[newscaster] CNN can now confirm
Jamal Khashoggi's last words,

1008
01:14:25,700 --> 01:14:28,436
"I can't breathe.
I can't breathe."

1009
01:14:28,536 --> 01:14:32,273
The transcript records
many voices and noises,

1010
01:14:32,373 --> 01:14:34,775
then says, "Scream from Jamal."

1011
01:14:34,875 --> 01:14:39,113
Again, "Scream," then "Gasping."

1012
01:14:39,213 --> 01:14:42,383
Noises are identified as "saw"

1013
01:14:42,482 --> 01:14:44,352
and "cutting."

1014
01:14:44,618 --> 01:14:46,821
-[solemn music]
-[birds chirping]

1015
01:14:54,695 --> 01:14:57,732
[joyful chatter
of indistinct voices]

1016
01:15:02,937 --> 01:15:06,941
[Orwell] <i>And on the other, its</i>
<i>immediate, practical enemies</i>

1017
01:15:07,375 --> 01:15:10,111
<i>monopoly and bureaucracy,</i>

1018
01:15:10,211 --> 01:15:14,615
<i>which are actively interested</i>
<i>in maintaining the status quo</i>

1019
01:15:14,715 --> 01:15:18,319
<i>and therefore</i>
<i>in preventing the common man</i>

1020
01:15:18,419 --> 01:15:20,621
<i>from becoming too intelligent.</i>

1021
01:15:42,276 --> 01:15:45,813
<i>The independence</i>
<i>of the writer and the artist</i>

1022
01:15:45,913 --> 01:15:49,683
<i>is eaten away</i>
<i>by vague economic forces</i>

1023
01:15:49,784 --> 01:15:52,053
<i>and at the same time,</i>
<i>it is undermined</i>

1024
01:15:52,153 --> 01:15:55,156
<i>by those</i>
<i>who should be its defenders.</i>

1025
01:16:15,276 --> 01:16:17,078
[Schechter]
We falsely think of our country

1026
01:16:17,178 --> 01:16:22,116
as a democracy when it has
evolved into a media-ocracy,

1027
01:16:22,216 --> 01:16:25,619
where a media that is supposed
to check political abuse

1028
01:16:25,719 --> 01:16:28,622
is part of political abuse.

1029
01:16:45,906 --> 01:16:47,942
This is extremely dangerous
to our democracy.

1030
01:16:48,042 --> 01:16:50,177
This is extremely dangerous
to our democracy.

1031
01:16:50,277 --> 01:16:52,646
This is extremely dangerous
to our democracy.

1032
01:16:52,746 --> 01:16:54,915
This is extremely dangerous
to our democracy.

1033
01:16:55,015 --> 01:16:58,152
This is extremely dangerous
to our democracy.

1034
01:16:58,686 --> 01:17:00,888
[Orwell]
<i>Political writing in our time</i>

1035
01:17:00,988 --> 01:17:05,059
<i>consists almost entirely</i>
<i>of prefabricated phrases</i>

1036
01:17:05,159 --> 01:17:09,396
<i>bolted together like the pieces</i>
<i>of a child's mechano set.</i>

1037
01:17:09,497 --> 01:17:10,764
This is extremely dangerous.

1038
01:17:10,865 --> 01:17:12,366
This is extremely dangerous.

1039
01:17:12,466 --> 01:17:13,667
This is extremely dangerous.

1040
01:17:13,767 --> 01:17:15,436
-Dangerous.
-Democracy.

1041
01:17:15,537 --> 01:17:17,606
We live in the greatest country.

1042
01:17:17,705 --> 01:17:19,608
The greatest nation
in the history of mankind.

1043
01:17:19,707 --> 01:17:21,543
The strongest, freest,
greatest country.

1044
01:17:21,642 --> 01:17:22,943
The greatest healthcare.

1045
01:17:23,043 --> 01:17:24,546
The greatest universities,

1046
01:17:24,645 --> 01:17:25,580
the greatest schools.

1047
01:17:25,679 --> 01:17:26,615
The greatest rise

1048
01:17:26,714 --> 01:17:27,948
of freedom and opportunity.

1049
01:17:28,048 --> 01:17:28,949
The single greatest nation

1050
01:17:29,049 --> 01:17:30,585
in the history of all mankind.

1051
01:17:30,684 --> 01:17:32,086
The greatest country ever.

1052
01:17:32,186 --> 01:17:35,055
If we're gonna talk about
the elite-medias debate,

1053
01:17:35,156 --> 01:17:38,560
then it is still controlled
by the corporate owners

1054
01:17:38,659 --> 01:17:39,894
and the corporate sponsors,

1055
01:17:39,994 --> 01:17:41,762
who, after all,
provide the revenue

1056
01:17:41,862 --> 01:17:43,697
to keep those machines going,

1057
01:17:43,797 --> 01:17:45,166
to keep those TV shows
on the air

1058
01:17:45,266 --> 01:17:47,401
and those radio shows
and those papers.

1059
01:17:47,501 --> 01:17:48,369
[in French]

1060
01:18:19,033 --> 01:18:21,636
[Orwell]
<i>The journalist is unfree</i>

1061
01:18:21,735 --> 01:18:24,038
<i>and is conscious of unfreedom</i>

1062
01:18:24,138 --> 01:18:26,240
<i>when he forced to write lies</i>

1063
01:18:26,340 --> 01:18:30,545
<i>or suppress what seems to him</i>
<i>important news.</i>

1064
01:18:30,645 --> 01:18:32,379
[man]
What have you got there, Smith?

1065
01:18:35,916 --> 01:18:38,687
This photograph was between
the pages of the gazette.

1066
01:18:38,786 --> 01:18:41,222
-What photograph?
-Jones and Rutherford.

1067
01:18:41,322 --> 01:18:42,790
They confessed to aiding
the underground

1068
01:18:42,890 --> 01:18:44,758
and being in Eurasia
during Hate Week.

1069
01:18:44,858 --> 01:18:47,394
-But here it says--
-What are you talking about?

1070
01:18:47,494 --> 01:18:49,430
I don't see any photograph.

1071
01:18:58,272 --> 01:19:00,908
I think it's very difficult
to avoid

1072
01:19:01,008 --> 01:19:04,245
going to that pre-prepared thing
that you've got

1073
01:19:04,345 --> 01:19:06,715
that's got a quote in it,
that's got a name in it,

1074
01:19:06,814 --> 01:19:08,482
that's got background
information in it.

1075
01:19:08,583 --> 01:19:12,920
It's fed to you to make easy
for you to tell it that way.

1076
01:19:13,020 --> 01:19:16,190
So, what we really require
is something countervailing,

1077
01:19:16,290 --> 01:19:20,494
something on the other side
to dig out just that information

1078
01:19:20,595 --> 01:19:22,963
that that powerful entity,
that might be the state

1079
01:19:23,063 --> 01:19:24,965
or might be a private
corporation

1080
01:19:25,065 --> 01:19:26,900
that they don't
want you to hear.

1081
01:19:27,001 --> 01:19:30,572
We start with that search,
the race to save five people

1082
01:19:30,672 --> 01:19:32,607
who are onboard a submersible.

1083
01:19:32,707 --> 01:19:34,174
[speaking Spanish]

1084
01:19:34,275 --> 01:19:35,843
[newscaster]
<i>On board is believed to be</i>

1085
01:19:35,943 --> 01:19:37,579
the British billionaire,
Hamish...

1086
01:19:37,679 --> 01:19:38,846
[Orwell] <i>Everything in our age</i>

1087
01:19:38,946 --> 01:19:40,347
<i>conspires to turn the writer</i>

1088
01:19:40,447 --> 01:19:43,384
<i>and every other kind</i>
<i>of artist as well</i>

1089
01:19:43,484 --> 01:19:46,954
<i>into a minor official</i>
<i>working on themes</i>

1090
01:19:47,054 --> 01:19:48,657
<i>handed down from above</i>

1091
01:19:48,757 --> 01:19:51,292
<i>and never telling</i>
<i>what seems to him</i>

1092
01:19:51,392 --> 01:19:52,860
<i>the whole of the truth.</i>

1093
01:19:52,960 --> 01:19:55,829
-[radar trilling]
-[sinister music]

1094
01:19:58,499 --> 01:20:00,834
[people shouting]

1095
01:20:18,319 --> 01:20:22,156
[Sanders] What the media does
is trivialize what goes on

1096
01:20:22,256 --> 01:20:24,693
sensationalizes it,
makes it entertainment,

1097
01:20:24,793 --> 01:20:26,093
rather than saying, "Look,

1098
01:20:26,193 --> 01:20:28,630
the function of the media
is to educate you

1099
01:20:28,730 --> 01:20:31,932
to live in a democracy,
which is pretty serious stuff."

1100
01:20:36,070 --> 01:20:39,574
There are 741 no-go zones
throughout France

1101
01:20:39,674 --> 01:20:41,810
and they're located
in the ghettos

1102
01:20:41,909 --> 01:20:43,043
that are called <i>les banlieues</i> .

1103
01:20:43,143 --> 01:20:44,646
I've been to Afghanistan,

1104
01:20:44,746 --> 01:20:46,681
Iraq, and Kashmir, India,

1105
01:20:46,781 --> 01:20:48,583
and at times,
it felt like, like that.

1106
01:20:48,683 --> 01:20:49,551
[in French]

1107
01:20:52,052 --> 01:20:54,855
-François Macron...
-Emmanuel.

1108
01:20:54,955 --> 01:20:57,525
Emmanuel, François, it seems
like every French person

1109
01:20:57,625 --> 01:20:58,892
I think their name is François.

1110
01:20:58,992 --> 01:21:00,194
-Who knows?
-Maybe he'll change his name.

1111
01:21:00,294 --> 01:21:01,995
-François.
-[laughter]

1112
01:21:02,096 --> 01:21:05,232
[Orwell] <i>To write in plain,</i>
<i>vigorous language,</i>

1113
01:21:05,332 --> 01:21:07,669
<i>one has to think fearlessly,</i>

1114
01:21:07,769 --> 01:21:09,738
<i>and if one thinks fearlessly,</i>

1115
01:21:09,838 --> 01:21:11,939
<i>one cannot be politically</i>
<i>orthodox.</i>

1116
01:21:12,039 --> 01:21:14,074
-It was you! It was you...
-[man] Good lying.

1117
01:21:14,174 --> 01:21:16,578
That privatized a large chunk
of the health service

1118
01:21:16,678 --> 01:21:19,146
and you're lying,
and you're lying.

1119
01:21:22,316 --> 01:21:25,386
[arguing]

1120
01:21:32,727 --> 01:21:35,764
I think your fake lashes are
messing up what you're reading.

1121
01:21:35,864 --> 01:21:37,464
-[clamoring]
-[man] <i>We have a situation</i>

1122
01:21:37,565 --> 01:21:40,067
in which a significant
percentage of the population

1123
01:21:40,167 --> 01:21:43,605
doesn't vote,
doesn't care about the issues,

1124
01:21:43,705 --> 01:21:47,274
is tuned out entirely,
is what we call depoliticized.

1125
01:21:47,374 --> 01:21:49,376
Uh, in fact, we have
a rate of depoliticization

1126
01:21:49,476 --> 01:21:52,179
in the United States
that must make a tyrant

1127
01:21:52,279 --> 01:21:54,616
like in, you know,
Indonesia envious.

1128
01:21:54,716 --> 01:21:57,217
"How can I get one of these
vegged-out populations?"

1129
01:21:57,317 --> 01:22:00,320
I say the fact is I've done more
for the Black community

1130
01:22:00,421 --> 01:22:02,923
than any president
since Abraham Lincoln.

1131
01:22:03,023 --> 01:22:05,192
-I say it,
nobody can dispute it.
-[blues music]

1132
01:22:05,292 --> 01:22:08,563
<i>People listen when I speak.</i>
<i>Black people.</i>

1133
01:22:08,663 --> 01:22:10,230
[vocalist] <i>♪ Black ♪</i>

1134
01:22:10,330 --> 01:22:11,866
<i>Believe me, I've studied it,</i>
<i>I've seen it,</i>

1135
01:22:11,965 --> 01:22:13,967
<i>and it's incredible.</i>

1136
01:22:14,067 --> 01:22:16,069
<i>♪ Black ♪</i>

1137
01:22:16,170 --> 01:22:19,541
<i>Black, your physical strength</i>
<i>is unmatched.</i>

1138
01:22:19,641 --> 01:22:21,208
<i>♪ Black ♪</i>

1139
01:22:21,308 --> 01:22:24,612
<i>You have this charm,</i>
<i>Black people, believe me.</i>

1140
01:22:24,712 --> 01:22:27,181
<i>Jazz, soul, Rosa Parks,</i>

1141
01:22:27,281 --> 01:22:29,884
<i>Cassius Clay,</i>
<i>legends, winners, the best!</i>

1142
01:22:29,983 --> 01:22:32,620
<i>And you know what?</i>
<i>Black women...</i>

1143
01:22:32,720 --> 01:22:34,321
<i>♪ I love Black ♪</i>

1144
01:22:34,421 --> 01:22:37,291
<i>Black women,</i>
<i>they make me so hungry.</i>

1145
01:22:37,391 --> 01:22:41,161
<i>People listen when I speak,</i>
<i>hungry for gumbo and cornbread.</i>

1146
01:22:41,261 --> 01:22:43,363
<i>Nobody does it better.</i>

1147
01:22:43,464 --> 01:22:46,568
The mugshot, we've all seen
the mugshot, and...

1148
01:22:46,668 --> 01:22:49,203
And you know who embraced it
more than anybody else?

1149
01:22:49,303 --> 01:22:51,071
The Black population,
it's incredible.

1150
01:22:51,171 --> 01:22:54,676
You see Black people
walking around with my mugshot.

1151
01:22:55,108 --> 01:22:58,212
[Orwell] <i>This kind of thing</i>
<i>is frightening to me</i>

1152
01:22:58,312 --> 01:23:01,415
<i>because it often gives me the</i>
<i>feeling that the very concept</i>

1153
01:23:01,516 --> 01:23:06,688
<i>of objective truth</i>
<i>is fading out of this world.</i>

1154
01:23:06,788 --> 01:23:10,991
An atom bomb exploded
in our information ecosystem

1155
01:23:11,091 --> 01:23:14,127
because social media
turned our world upside down

1156
01:23:14,228 --> 01:23:18,198
spreading lies faster than facts

1157
01:23:18,298 --> 01:23:21,769
while amplifying fear and anger,

1158
01:23:21,870 --> 01:23:25,740
fueling hatred by design

1159
01:23:25,840 --> 01:23:27,307
for profit.

1160
01:23:27,709 --> 01:23:30,110
[man] Do you affirm the
testimony you are about to give

1161
01:23:30,210 --> 01:23:31,411
will be the truth,
the whole truth,

1162
01:23:31,513 --> 01:23:34,047
and nothing but the truth,
so help you God?

1163
01:23:34,549 --> 01:23:38,920
We very much believe
that this content is disgusting

1164
01:23:39,019 --> 01:23:40,454
and that, um...

1165
01:23:40,555 --> 01:23:43,156
Senator, that behavior
is disgusting and reprehensible.

1166
01:23:43,257 --> 01:23:44,826
We provide in-app
reporting tools

1167
01:23:44,926 --> 01:23:46,594
so that people
who are being harassed

1168
01:23:46,694 --> 01:23:49,229
or people who have been shared
inappropriate sexual content

1169
01:23:49,329 --> 01:23:52,199
can report it in the case
of harassment or sexual content.

1170
01:23:52,299 --> 01:23:54,736
You announced recently that
the official policy of Facebook

1171
01:23:54,836 --> 01:23:58,606
now allows politicians to pay
to spread disinformation.

1172
01:23:58,706 --> 01:24:02,309
Well, could I pay to target
predominantly Black zip codes

1173
01:24:02,409 --> 01:24:06,014
and advertise them
the incorrect election date?

1174
01:24:06,346 --> 01:24:07,849
No, congresswoman, you couldn't.

1175
01:24:07,949 --> 01:24:11,485
We have, even for these policies

1176
01:24:11,586 --> 01:24:15,557
the newsworthiness of content
that politicians say

1177
01:24:15,657 --> 01:24:17,659
and the general principle
that I believe that...

1178
01:24:17,759 --> 01:24:21,094
[Cortez] But you said you're not
going to fact-check my ads.

1179
01:24:21,194 --> 01:24:23,430
We have, if anyone,

1180
01:24:23,531 --> 01:24:25,700
including a politician
is saying things

1181
01:24:25,800 --> 01:24:29,037
that can cause,
that is calling for violence,

1182
01:24:29,136 --> 01:24:31,305
or could risk imminent,
physical harm,

1183
01:24:31,405 --> 01:24:33,641
or voter or census suppression

1184
01:24:33,741 --> 01:24:36,010
when we roll out
the census suppression po...

1185
01:24:36,109 --> 01:24:38,613
policy, um,
we will take that content down.

1186
01:24:38,713 --> 01:24:41,415
So, would I be able
to run advertisements

1187
01:24:41,516 --> 01:24:43,785
on Facebook targeting
Republicans in primaries

1188
01:24:43,885 --> 01:24:46,521
saying that they voted
for the Green New Deal?

1189
01:24:46,621 --> 01:24:48,488
If you're not fact-checking
political advertisements,

1190
01:24:48,590 --> 01:24:51,224
I'm just trying
to understand the bounds here.

1191
01:24:51,325 --> 01:24:53,493
-What's fair game.
-Congresswoman, I, uh...

1192
01:24:53,595 --> 01:24:55,162
I don't know the answer to that
off the top of my head.

1193
01:24:55,262 --> 01:24:57,197
You don't know
if I'll be able to do that.

1194
01:24:57,297 --> 01:24:59,499
Can you explain why you've named
the <i>Daily Caller</i>

1195
01:24:59,601 --> 01:25:04,104
a publication well documented
with ties to white supremacists

1196
01:25:04,204 --> 01:25:06,106
as an official fact checker
for Facebook?

1197
01:25:06,206 --> 01:25:08,308
Congresswoman, sure,
we actually don't appoint

1198
01:25:08,408 --> 01:25:09,644
the independent fact checkers.

1199
01:25:09,744 --> 01:25:12,346
They go through
an independent organization

1200
01:25:12,446 --> 01:25:14,181
called the Independent
Fact Checking Network

1201
01:25:14,281 --> 01:25:16,517
that has a rigorous standard

1202
01:25:16,618 --> 01:25:20,420
for who they allow
to serve as a fact checker.

1203
01:25:20,521 --> 01:25:21,756
So...

1204
01:25:22,056 --> 01:25:27,160
You would say that
white-supremacist-tied
publications

1205
01:25:27,260 --> 01:25:30,130
meet a rigorous standard
for fact checking?

1206
01:25:33,133 --> 01:25:35,103
Because of deep fakes,

1207
01:25:35,202 --> 01:25:38,039
you can't trust
your eyes and ears.

1208
01:25:38,138 --> 01:25:40,207
Instead of the facts,

1209
01:25:40,307 --> 01:25:45,580
the enshittification,
enshittification
of the Internet,

1210
01:25:45,680 --> 01:25:47,815
is in full bloom.

1211
01:25:48,248 --> 01:25:51,284
More trash, more propaganda,

1212
01:25:51,385 --> 01:25:53,353
more information operations

1213
01:25:53,453 --> 01:25:55,523
that push our emotional buttons.

1214
01:25:55,623 --> 01:25:59,159
We will have to struggle harder

1215
01:25:59,459 --> 01:26:03,330
for agency,
for independent thought,

1216
01:26:03,430 --> 01:26:04,732
and it's not just
the tech companies

1217
01:26:04,832 --> 01:26:07,869
that abdicated responsibility
for protecting us.

1218
01:26:07,969 --> 01:26:12,106
It's also democratic governments
like the United States.

1219
01:26:12,406 --> 01:26:16,511
Tech is the least-regulated
industry around the world.

1220
01:26:16,611 --> 01:26:23,084
[all] USA! USA! USA! USA! USA!

1221
01:26:23,183 --> 01:26:24,852
[labored breathing]

1222
01:26:26,186 --> 01:26:28,255
[muffled speech]

1223
01:26:48,743 --> 01:26:50,611
[waves lapping]

1224
01:26:54,015 --> 01:26:55,950
[bagpipes]

1225
01:27:10,164 --> 01:27:11,833
[shouting]

1226
01:27:18,039 --> 01:27:21,776
[Orwell] <i>Barnhill, Isle of Jura,</i>
<i>Argyllshire,</i>

1227
01:27:21,876 --> 01:27:24,311
<i>28th of November, 1948.</i>

1228
01:27:25,245 --> 01:27:28,082
<i>Dear Gwen, all is well here</i>

1229
01:27:28,182 --> 01:27:30,383
<i>and Richard</i>
<i>is bursting with energy.</i>

1230
01:27:30,484 --> 01:27:32,954
<i>He goes out fishing</i>
<i>with the others now</i>

1231
01:27:33,054 --> 01:27:35,523
<i>and sometimes catches</i>
<i>quite a lot of fish.</i>

1232
01:27:35,990 --> 01:27:38,358
<i>The weather just lately</i>
<i>has been very nice,</i>

1233
01:27:38,458 --> 01:27:42,196
<i>beautiful, still, sunny days,</i>
<i>and not at all cold,</i>

1234
01:27:42,295 --> 01:27:43,831
<i>but I hardly ever</i>
<i>go out of doors</i>

1235
01:27:43,931 --> 01:27:47,235
<i>because the smallest exertion</i>
<i>upsets me.</i>

1236
01:27:47,334 --> 01:27:49,737
<i>The pig has grown</i>
<i>to a stupendous size</i>

1237
01:27:49,837 --> 01:27:51,806
<i>and goes to the butcher</i>
<i>next week.</i>

1238
01:27:51,906 --> 01:27:53,641
<i>We are all longing</i>
<i>to get rid of him,</i>

1239
01:27:53,741 --> 01:27:55,877
<i>as he is so destructive</i>
<i>and greedy.</i>

1240
01:27:55,977 --> 01:27:59,479
<i>Even gets</i>
<i>into the kitchen sometimes.</i>

1241
01:27:59,580 --> 01:28:01,616
<i>I have finished my book,</i>

1242
01:28:01,716 --> 01:28:03,084
<i>which I'd been</i>
<i>messing about with</i>

1243
01:28:03,184 --> 01:28:06,053
<i>since some time in 1947.</i>

1244
01:28:06,154 --> 01:28:08,022
<i>Yours, George.</i>

1245
01:28:10,124 --> 01:28:11,726
Death!

1246
01:28:11,826 --> 01:28:13,828
[cheering]

1247
01:28:14,929 --> 01:28:20,067
Brothers and sisters,
one week from now

1248
01:28:20,400 --> 01:28:22,970
in this very square,

1249
01:28:23,070 --> 01:28:27,307
we shall, as a demonstration...
[speech fades]

1250
01:28:27,407 --> 01:28:29,911
[eerie music]

1251
01:28:34,649 --> 01:28:37,685
[opera chorus singing
dramatic piece]

1252
01:28:51,899 --> 01:28:53,201
[man] Eurasian prisoners

1253
01:28:53,301 --> 01:28:56,871
will be passing
through Victory Square!

1254
01:29:00,473 --> 01:29:03,410
These are the evil men

1255
01:29:03,511 --> 01:29:06,080
whose ruthless lust for power...

1256
01:29:06,180 --> 01:29:09,083
[shouting in German]

1257
01:29:09,183 --> 01:29:11,118
[chanting]

1258
01:29:53,594 --> 01:29:55,663
[in Spanish]
Let me have the fight!

1259
01:30:09,310 --> 01:30:11,512
[marching orders shouted]

1260
01:30:24,125 --> 01:30:24,959
[in Italian]

1261
01:30:30,398 --> 01:30:34,702
The mother is a woman,
the father is a man.

1262
01:30:38,372 --> 01:30:39,439
[in Italian]

1263
01:30:47,748 --> 01:30:50,885
[music and speech fades]

1264
01:30:56,691 --> 01:30:59,560
<i>April 4th, 1984.</i>

1265
01:30:59,860 --> 01:31:03,397
<i>Last night to the flicks,</i>
<i>all war films.</i>

1266
01:31:03,764 --> 01:31:06,367
<i>One a very good one of a ship</i>

1267
01:31:06,466 --> 01:31:10,871
<i>full of refugees being bombed</i>
<i>somewhere in the Mediterranean.</i>

1268
01:31:11,272 --> 01:31:15,576
<i>Audience much amused by shots</i>
<i>of a great, huge, fat man</i>

1269
01:31:15,676 --> 01:31:18,980
<i>trying to swim away</i>
<i>with a helicopter after him.</i>

1270
01:31:19,080 --> 01:31:20,614
[indistinct shouting]

1271
01:31:20,715 --> 01:31:24,318
<i>Then you saw a lifeboat</i>
<i>full of children</i>

1272
01:31:24,418 --> 01:31:27,221
<i>with a helicopter</i>
<i>hovering over it.</i>

1273
01:31:27,321 --> 01:31:30,891
<i>There was a middle-aged woman,</i>
<i>might have been a Jewess,</i>

1274
01:31:30,992 --> 01:31:33,995
<i>sitting up in the bow</i>
<i>with a little boy</i>

1275
01:31:34,095 --> 01:31:36,564
<i>about three years old</i>
<i>in her arms.</i>

1276
01:31:36,664 --> 01:31:37,665
[helicopter propellers]

1277
01:31:37,765 --> 01:31:39,499
<i>Then the helicopter</i>

1278
01:31:39,600 --> 01:31:43,170
<i>planted a 20-kilo bomb</i>
<i>in among them.</i>

1279
01:31:43,270 --> 01:31:48,042
<i>Terrific flash and the boat</i>
<i>went all to matchwood.</i>

1280
01:31:50,845 --> 01:31:53,981
<i>Then there was a wonderful shot</i>
<i>of a child's arm</i>

1281
01:31:54,081 --> 01:31:57,018
<i>going up, up, up,</i>

1282
01:31:57,118 --> 01:31:59,086
<i>right up into the air.</i>

1283
01:31:59,186 --> 01:32:01,555
<i>A helicopter with a camera</i>
<i>in its nose</i>

1284
01:32:01,655 --> 01:32:03,724
<i>must have followed it up.</i>

1285
01:32:03,824 --> 01:32:07,261
<i>There was a lot of applause</i>
<i>from the party seats.</i>

1286
01:32:09,296 --> 01:32:11,565
<i>Winston stops writing</i>

1287
01:32:11,966 --> 01:32:14,835
<i>partly because he was suffering</i>
<i>from cramp.</i>

1288
01:32:23,911 --> 01:32:28,015
Oh, what a piece of work
is the pursuit of truth.

1289
01:32:31,018 --> 01:32:33,921
Don't be a writer, Richard,
whatever you do.

1290
01:32:35,389 --> 01:32:37,024
Be a farmer.

1291
01:32:38,993 --> 01:32:40,694
And grow things.

1292
01:32:41,295 --> 01:32:43,330
Keep goats.

1293
01:32:43,431 --> 01:32:45,599
[solemn music]

1294
01:32:47,902 --> 01:32:50,671
[Orwell]
<i>Our civilization is decadent</i>

1295
01:32:50,771 --> 01:32:53,974
<i>and our language,</i>
<i>so the argument runs,</i>

1296
01:32:54,075 --> 01:32:57,945
<i>must inevitably share</i>
<i>in the general collapse.</i>

1297
01:32:58,879 --> 01:33:02,349
<i>The words, democracy,</i>
<i>socialism,</i>

1298
01:33:02,450 --> 01:33:04,018
<i>freedom, patriotic...</i>

1299
01:33:04,118 --> 01:33:07,855
-[echo of crowd clamoring]
<i>-...realistic, justice,</i>

1300
01:33:07,955 --> 01:33:11,025
<i>have each of them</i>
<i>several different meanings</i>

1301
01:33:11,125 --> 01:33:14,061
<i>which cannot be reconciled</i>
<i>with one another.</i>

1302
01:33:14,161 --> 01:33:14,995
[in French]

1303
01:33:21,902 --> 01:33:24,605
[Orwell] <i>But if thought</i>
<i>corrupts language,</i>

1304
01:33:24,705 --> 01:33:27,641
<i>language can also</i>
<i>corrupt thought.</i>

1305
01:33:27,741 --> 01:33:29,677
And here's the truth,

1306
01:33:29,777 --> 01:33:32,179
Israel seeks peace.

1307
01:33:32,480 --> 01:33:34,748
Israel yearns for peace.

1308
01:33:34,849 --> 01:33:39,086
Israel has made peace
and will make peace again.

1309
01:33:39,186 --> 01:33:41,188
[intriguing music]

1310
01:34:49,990 --> 01:34:51,926
[Orwell] <i>Political language</i>
<i>is designed</i>

1311
01:34:52,026 --> 01:34:54,596
<i>to make lies sound truthful</i>

1312
01:34:54,695 --> 01:34:57,164
<i>and murder respectable.</i>

1313
01:34:57,264 --> 01:34:59,233
[gulls calling]

1314
01:35:07,208 --> 01:35:13,648
<i>Barnhill, Isle of Jura,</i>
<i>22nd of October, 1948.</i>

1315
01:35:14,348 --> 01:35:19,019
<i>Dear Fred, I have just read</i>
<i>Sartre's book on antisemitism,</i>

1316
01:35:19,119 --> 01:35:21,690
<i>which you published, to review.</i>

1317
01:35:21,989 --> 01:35:24,225
<i>I think Sartre is a bag of wind</i>

1318
01:35:24,325 --> 01:35:26,460
<i>and I'm going to give</i>
<i>him a good boot.</i>

1319
01:35:26,561 --> 01:35:31,498
<i>The less talk there is about</i>
<i>"the" Jew or "the" anti-Semite</i>

1320
01:35:31,600 --> 01:35:36,503
<i>as a species of animal</i>
<i>different from ourselves,</i>
<i>the better.</i>

1321
01:35:36,605 --> 01:35:38,939
[intriguing music]

1322
01:36:18,312 --> 01:36:21,882
At the start of 2024,
Google cut 1,000 jobs.

1323
01:36:21,982 --> 01:36:24,151
Why? Pichai says it's about

1324
01:36:24,251 --> 01:36:27,855
"removing layers
to simplify execution."

1325
01:36:28,289 --> 01:36:30,625
Tesla, we're told
the company will lay off

1326
01:36:30,725 --> 01:36:32,860
over ten percent
of its workforce.

1327
01:36:33,327 --> 01:36:35,396
[newscaster 1]
<i>UPS announced it will lay off</i>

1328
01:36:35,496 --> 01:36:37,264
<i>12,000 employees.</i>

1329
01:36:37,364 --> 01:36:40,467
[newscaster 2] <i>The practice</i>
<i>of staff ranking employees</i>

1330
01:36:40,568 --> 01:36:43,003
<i>might be making a comeback</i>
<i>in Silicon Valley.</i>

1331
01:36:43,103 --> 01:36:45,507
[newscaster 3] <i>The lay-offs are</i>
<i>already piling up this year.</i>

1332
01:36:45,607 --> 01:36:47,941
[newscaster 4] <i>The lay-offs</i>
<i>in technology just keep coming.</i>

1333
01:36:48,042 --> 01:36:50,344
<i>The latest, Google</i>
<i>cutting hundreds of jobs.</i>

1334
01:36:50,444 --> 01:36:51,945
[Zuckerberg] Okay,
it's one thing to do that,

1335
01:36:52,046 --> 01:36:54,014
to, like, decide that
at a high level.

1336
01:36:54,114 --> 01:36:57,051
How do you execute that
as compassionately as possible?

1337
01:36:57,151 --> 01:36:59,754
And there's no good way, um...

1338
01:37:00,254 --> 01:37:01,790
There's no perfect way,
for sure,

1339
01:37:01,889 --> 01:37:03,792
and it's gonna be tough
no matter what,

1340
01:37:03,891 --> 01:37:05,859
but as a leadership team here,

1341
01:37:05,959 --> 01:37:07,995
we've certainly spent
a lot of time just thinking,

1342
01:37:08,095 --> 01:37:11,965
"What is the most compassionate
way that we can do this?"

1343
01:37:21,342 --> 01:37:23,477
[music softens]

1344
01:37:23,877 --> 01:37:25,780
[Orwell]
<i>From where Winston stood,</i>

1345
01:37:25,879 --> 01:37:27,381
<i>it was just possible to read,</i>

1346
01:37:27,481 --> 01:37:31,285
<i>picked out on its white face</i>
<i>in elegant lettering,</i>

1347
01:37:31,619 --> 01:37:34,355
<i>the three slogans of the party,</i>

1348
01:37:34,455 --> 01:37:36,957
<i>Freedom is Slavery,</i>

1349
01:37:37,057 --> 01:37:39,794
<i>War is Peace,</i>

1350
01:37:39,893 --> 01:37:42,863
<i>Ignorance is Strength.</i>

1351
01:37:42,963 --> 01:37:45,032
[solemn music]

1352
01:37:55,744 --> 01:37:57,978
[officer]
Again, how many fingers?

1353
01:38:00,481 --> 01:38:02,049
I don't know.

1354
01:38:03,016 --> 01:38:04,519
I don't know.

1355
01:38:05,620 --> 01:38:08,222
Four, five, six?

1356
01:38:09,089 --> 01:38:12,226
In all honesty, I don't know.

1357
01:38:20,234 --> 01:38:22,202
[Orwell]
<i>The Cotswold Sanatorium,</i>

1358
01:38:22,302 --> 01:38:27,876
<i>Cranham, Gloucestershire,</i>
<i>the 2nd of February, 1949.</i>

1359
01:38:28,275 --> 01:38:33,447
<i>Dear Julian, I wonder how you</i>
<i>and your family are getting on.</i>

1360
01:38:33,548 --> 01:38:36,785
<i>I have been in this place</i>
<i>about a month.</i>

1361
01:38:36,885 --> 01:38:39,186
<i>I think I told you</i>
<i>last time I wrote</i>

1362
01:38:39,286 --> 01:38:42,156
<i>that I had been feeling</i>
<i>very bad again.</i>

1363
01:38:42,489 --> 01:38:44,992
<i>Richard is getting</i>
<i>on for five now</i>

1364
01:38:45,092 --> 01:38:47,595
<i>and is enormous</i>
<i>and very healthy,</i>

1365
01:38:47,695 --> 01:38:51,498
<i>though still not interested</i>
<i>in learning his letters.</i>

1366
01:38:51,800 --> 01:38:54,201
<i>I suppose this coming winter</i>

1367
01:38:54,301 --> 01:38:56,503
<i>he will have to start</i>
<i>going to school,</i>

1368
01:38:56,604 --> 01:39:01,074
<i>which he is certain to enjoy,</i>
<i>as he is very gregarious.</i>

1369
01:39:07,047 --> 01:39:10,150
[labored breathing]

1370
01:39:22,196 --> 01:39:25,700
<i>Cranham, 8th of April, 1949.</i>

1371
01:39:25,800 --> 01:39:30,638
<i>Dear Richard, don't depress</i>
<i>the others too much with this,</i>

1372
01:39:30,738 --> 01:39:34,308
<i>but the fact is</i>
<i>I am in a bad way at present.</i>

1373
01:39:34,408 --> 01:39:37,779
<i>They are going</i>
<i>to try streptomycin again.</i>

1374
01:39:37,879 --> 01:39:39,681
<i>If things go badly...</i>

1375
01:39:40,047 --> 01:39:41,982
<i>Of course we'll hope</i>
<i>they won't,</i>

1376
01:39:42,082 --> 01:39:44,652
<i>but one must be prepared</i>
<i>for the worst.</i>

1377
01:39:44,752 --> 01:39:47,988
<i>...I'll ask you to bring</i>
<i>little Richard to see me</i>

1378
01:39:48,088 --> 01:39:51,191
<i>before I get too frightening</i>
<i>in appearance.</i>

1379
01:40:21,789 --> 01:40:27,261
<i>Cranham, Gloucester,</i>
<i>22nd of August, 1949.</i>

1380
01:40:27,829 --> 01:40:31,633
<i>Dear Fred, could you please</i>
<i>send one copy each</i>

1381
01:40:31,733 --> 01:40:35,168
<i>of</i> Burmese Days
<i>and</i> Coming up for Air

1382
01:40:35,269 --> 01:40:38,706
<i>to Sonia Brownell</i>
<i>care of</i> Horizon <i>?</i>

1383
01:40:40,107 --> 01:40:42,075
<i>As I warned you I might do,</i>

1384
01:40:42,175 --> 01:40:44,311
<i>I intend getting married again,</i>

1385
01:40:44,879 --> 01:40:46,280
<i>to Sonia.</i>

1386
01:40:46,714 --> 01:40:50,618
<i>When I am once again</i>
<i>in the land of the living,</i>

1387
01:40:50,718 --> 01:40:52,219
<i>if I ever am,</i>

1388
01:40:52,554 --> 01:40:56,290
<i>I suppose everyone</i>
<i>will be horrified,</i>

1389
01:40:56,658 --> 01:40:59,459
<i>but apart from other</i>
<i>considerations,</i>

1390
01:40:59,761 --> 01:41:02,830
<i>I really think</i>
<i>I should stay alive longer</i>

1391
01:41:02,931 --> 01:41:05,132
<i>if I were married.</i>

1392
01:41:08,603 --> 01:41:10,972
[woman] <i>One, two!</i>

1393
01:41:11,071 --> 01:41:13,942
<i>-One, two!</i>
-[coughing]

1394
01:41:14,042 --> 01:41:16,544
<i>One, two!</i>

1395
01:41:16,644 --> 01:41:19,246
<i>One, two!</i>

1396
01:41:20,247 --> 01:41:21,916
<i>-Smith?</i>
-[coughs]

1397
01:41:22,016 --> 01:41:24,318
<i>6079 Smith, W.?</i>

1398
01:41:25,118 --> 01:41:28,121
<i>Yes, you. Bend lower.</i>

1399
01:41:28,823 --> 01:41:32,894
[Orwell] <i>Winston wrenched</i>
<i>his body out of bed, naked.</i>

1400
01:41:32,994 --> 01:41:36,330
<i>The physical jerks</i>
<i>would begin in three minutes.</i>

1401
01:41:36,430 --> 01:41:40,568
<i>The next moment, he was doubled</i>
<i>up by a violent coughing fit,</i>

1402
01:41:40,668 --> 01:41:44,338
<i>which nearly always attacked</i>
<i>him soon after waking up.</i>

1403
01:41:44,438 --> 01:41:47,474
<i>It emptied his lungs</i>
<i>so completely</i>

1404
01:41:47,575 --> 01:41:49,877
<i>that he could only begin</i>
<i>breathing again</i>

1405
01:41:49,978 --> 01:41:51,646
<i>by lying on his back</i>

1406
01:41:51,746 --> 01:41:55,115
<i>and taking a series</i>
<i>of deep gasps.</i>

1407
01:41:55,817 --> 01:41:58,118
[singing hymn]

1408
01:42:07,762 --> 01:42:09,496
<i>Dear Francis A. Henson</i>

1409
01:42:09,597 --> 01:42:12,132
<i>of the United Automobile</i>
<i>Workers.</i>

1410
01:42:12,466 --> 01:42:15,003
<i>My recent novel</i>
<i>is not intended</i>

1411
01:42:15,103 --> 01:42:17,170
<i>as an attack on socialism</i>

1412
01:42:17,270 --> 01:42:19,874
<i>or on the British Labour Party,</i>

1413
01:42:19,974 --> 01:42:22,110
<i>of which I am a supporter,</i>

1414
01:42:22,209 --> 01:42:24,679
<i>but as a show-up</i>
<i>of the perversions</i>

1415
01:42:24,779 --> 01:42:28,148
<i>to which a centralized economy</i>
<i>is liable</i>

1416
01:42:28,248 --> 01:42:31,218
<i>and which have</i>
<i>already been partly realized</i>

1417
01:42:31,318 --> 01:42:33,821
<i>in communism and fascism.</i>

1418
01:42:33,921 --> 01:42:37,692
<i>I do not believe that the kind</i>
<i>of society I describe</i>

1419
01:42:37,792 --> 01:42:39,594
<i>necessarily will arrive,</i>

1420
01:42:39,694 --> 01:42:42,964
<i>but I believe</i>
<i>that something resembling it</i>

1421
01:42:43,064 --> 01:42:44,565
<i>could arrive.</i>

1422
01:42:44,666 --> 01:42:47,234
<i>And I have tried</i>
<i>to draw these ideas out</i>

1423
01:42:47,334 --> 01:42:49,704
<i>to their logical consequences.</i>

1424
01:42:49,804 --> 01:42:52,974
<i>The scene of the book</i>
<i>is laid in Britain</i>

1425
01:42:53,074 --> 01:42:56,611
<i>in order to emphasize</i>
<i>that the English-speaking races</i>

1426
01:42:56,711 --> 01:42:59,614
<i>are not innately better</i>
<i>than anyone else.</i>

1427
01:42:59,714 --> 01:43:02,850
<i>-</i> [singing hymn]
<i>-And that totalitarianism,</i>

1428
01:43:02,950 --> 01:43:07,387
<i>if not fought against,</i>
<i>could triumph anywhere.</i>

1429
01:43:12,026 --> 01:43:13,628
[Winston] We are the dead.

1430
01:43:15,797 --> 01:43:17,431
[Julia] We are the dead.

1431
01:43:17,532 --> 01:43:20,902
[man] <i>You are the dead.</i>

1432
01:43:21,002 --> 01:43:23,071
<i>Remain exactly where you are.</i>

1433
01:43:23,171 --> 01:43:25,973
<i>Make no move</i>
<i>until you are ordered.</i>

1434
01:43:26,074 --> 01:43:27,809
[crash]

1435
01:43:40,487 --> 01:43:41,421
[officer] Don't resist.

1436
01:43:41,522 --> 01:43:43,356
Stand in the middle of the room!

1437
01:43:46,027 --> 01:43:48,863
[man] <i>Do not touch one another.</i>

1438
01:43:49,197 --> 01:43:50,865
[hymn music playing]

1439
01:43:51,132 --> 01:43:52,633
[man] Take the woman!

1440
01:43:52,734 --> 01:43:55,235
[Julia]
No, don't let them take me!

1441
01:43:55,335 --> 01:43:58,072
No, no, no!

1442
01:43:58,172 --> 01:43:59,607
-[punching]
-[Winston shouts]

1443
01:44:00,074 --> 01:44:04,579
I warned you it wouldn't be
as peaceful here
as you would like.

1444
01:44:05,146 --> 01:44:07,447
Nothing is hidden
from the Thought Police.

1445
01:44:07,548 --> 01:44:09,917
[nervous breathing]

1446
01:44:12,385 --> 01:44:14,387
[lock unlatched]

1447
01:44:16,157 --> 01:44:18,126
[footsteps approaching]

1448
01:44:18,726 --> 01:44:21,195
[Orwell] <i>"How does one man</i>
<i>assert his power</i>

1449
01:44:21,294 --> 01:44:23,564
<i>over another, Winston?"</i>

1450
01:44:24,331 --> 01:44:26,167
<i>Winston thought.</i>

1451
01:44:26,634 --> 01:44:29,369
<i>"By making him suffer,"</i>
<i>he said.</i>

1452
01:44:29,469 --> 01:44:33,241
<i>"Exactly.</i>
<i>By making him suffer."</i>

1453
01:44:33,340 --> 01:44:35,910
-[machine clicking]
-[screaming]

1454
01:44:36,010 --> 01:44:38,478
[yelling]

1455
01:44:38,579 --> 01:44:41,481
<i>Obedience is not enough.</i>

1456
01:44:41,582 --> 01:44:43,918
<i>Unless he is suffering,</i>

1457
01:44:44,417 --> 01:44:47,221
<i>how can you be sure</i>
<i>that he is obeying your will</i>

1458
01:44:47,320 --> 01:44:48,689
<i>and not his own?</i>

1459
01:44:50,525 --> 01:44:54,461
<i>Power is in inflicting pain</i>
<i>and humiliation.</i>

1460
01:44:54,562 --> 01:44:58,599
-[static]
-[grunting]

1461
01:44:58,699 --> 01:45:02,703
<i>Power is in tearing human minds</i>
<i>to pieces</i>

1462
01:45:02,804 --> 01:45:06,207
<i>and putting them together again</i>
<i>in new shapes</i>

1463
01:45:06,306 --> 01:45:08,308
<i>of your own choosing.</i>

1464
01:45:08,408 --> 01:45:10,511
[rats squealing]

1465
01:45:16,117 --> 01:45:17,317
Not to me.

1466
01:45:17,417 --> 01:45:19,020
Not to me.

1467
01:45:22,557 --> 01:45:24,892
If you want a vision
of the future, Winston,

1468
01:45:24,992 --> 01:45:29,496
imagine a boot stamping
on a human face forever.

1469
01:45:31,299 --> 01:45:34,367
[gasping] Please.

1470
01:45:35,236 --> 01:45:38,606
Do it to her. To Julia.

1471
01:45:38,940 --> 01:45:41,341
I don't care what you do to her,
but do it to her.

1472
01:45:41,441 --> 01:45:43,744
Tear her face off.
Do it to Julia and not to me!

1473
01:45:46,147 --> 01:45:48,583
Do it to Julia!

1474
01:45:49,150 --> 01:45:51,586
Do it to Julia!

1475
01:45:52,086 --> 01:45:54,387
Not me!

1476
01:45:54,487 --> 01:45:56,456
[Orwell]
<i>Do you begin to see, then</i>

1477
01:45:56,557 --> 01:45:59,694
<i>what kind of world</i>
<i>we are creating?</i>

1478
01:45:59,794 --> 01:46:01,529
[solemn music]

1479
01:46:38,431 --> 01:46:41,836
<i>All we have done</i>
<i>is to advance to a point</i>

1480
01:46:41,936 --> 01:46:46,374
<i>at which we could make a real</i>
<i>improvement in human life,</i>

1481
01:46:46,774 --> 01:46:49,677
<i>but we shan't do it</i>
<i>without the recognition</i>

1482
01:46:49,777 --> 01:46:52,880
<i>that common decency</i>
<i>is necessary.</i>

1483
01:46:58,418 --> 01:47:00,187
[indistinct shouting]

1484
01:47:12,833 --> 01:47:15,670
<i>My chief hope for the future</i>

1485
01:47:15,770 --> 01:47:17,872
<i>is that the common people</i>

1486
01:47:17,972 --> 01:47:22,576
<i>have never parted company</i>
<i>with their moral code.</i>

1487
01:48:55,703 --> 01:48:57,538
I betrayed you.

1488
01:48:57,638 --> 01:48:59,373
I betrayed you.

1489
01:48:59,473 --> 01:49:01,208
I told them all about you.

1490
01:49:01,308 --> 01:49:03,044
Yes, I told them about you too.

1491
01:49:07,114 --> 01:49:08,816
<i>I ask only...</i>

1492
01:49:09,183 --> 01:49:11,752
<i>for you to accept my love</i>
<i>of our leader.</i>

1493
01:49:11,852 --> 01:49:16,057
I love Big Brother.

1494
01:49:16,157 --> 01:49:17,858
-Long live Big Brother.
-[crowd cheering]

1495
01:49:17,958 --> 01:49:20,694
Long live Big Brother!
Long live Big Brother!

1496
01:49:20,795 --> 01:49:25,866
Long live Big Brother!
Long live Big Brother!

1497
01:49:25,966 --> 01:49:29,804
Long live Big Brother!
Long live Big Brother!

1498
01:49:29,904 --> 01:49:32,139
[Winston] Long live Big Brother!

1499
01:49:32,239 --> 01:49:33,607
[Cheering]

1500
01:49:37,211 --> 01:49:39,780
[rock music plays]

1501
01:49:46,954 --> 01:49:49,056
[announcer]
<i>Ladies and gentlemen,</i>

1502
01:49:49,156 --> 01:49:53,594
<i>please welcome the next</i>
<i>president of the United States,</i>

1503
01:49:53,694 --> 01:49:57,331
<i>President Donald J. Trump.</i>

1504
01:50:00,067 --> 01:50:01,769
[Snowden]
The greatest fear that I have

1505
01:50:01,869 --> 01:50:04,238
regarding the outcome

1506
01:50:04,338 --> 01:50:06,707
for America of these disclosures

1507
01:50:06,807 --> 01:50:08,776
is that nothing will change.

1508
01:50:09,210 --> 01:50:12,913
People will see in the media,
all of these disclosures.

1509
01:50:13,013 --> 01:50:16,750
They'll know the lengths
the government is going to

1510
01:50:16,851 --> 01:50:20,788
to grant themselves
powers unilaterally

1511
01:50:20,888 --> 01:50:25,759
um, to create greater control
over American society

1512
01:50:25,860 --> 01:50:27,562
and global society,

1513
01:50:27,661 --> 01:50:30,131
but they won't be willing

1514
01:50:30,231 --> 01:50:33,701
to take the risks
necessary to stand up

1515
01:50:33,801 --> 01:50:35,870
and fight to change things,

1516
01:50:35,970 --> 01:50:38,906
to force their representatives

1517
01:50:39,006 --> 01:50:42,076
to actually take a stand
in their interests.

1518
01:50:42,176 --> 01:50:44,078
In four years,
you won't have to vote again.

1519
01:50:44,178 --> 01:50:46,413
We'll have it fixed so good,
you're not gonna have to vote.

1520
01:50:46,515 --> 01:50:48,716
[solemn music]

1521
01:50:51,986 --> 01:50:55,022
[Zuboff] How do we solve
collective-action problems?

1522
01:50:55,122 --> 01:50:57,391
We solve them with democracy.

1523
01:50:57,491 --> 01:51:01,862
So, there is one thing that
surveillance capitalists fear.

1524
01:51:01,962 --> 01:51:05,199
It may not be me
as an individual

1525
01:51:05,299 --> 01:51:06,767
or you as an individual

1526
01:51:06,867 --> 01:51:08,869
or your son or daughter
as an individual,

1527
01:51:08,969 --> 01:51:13,240
but what they fear is all of us
mobilized together now.

1528
01:51:28,856 --> 01:51:30,691
[Orwell] <i>"If there is hope,"</i>

1529
01:51:30,791 --> 01:51:33,861
<i>wrote Winston,</i>
<i>"it lies in the proles.</i>

1530
01:51:34,461 --> 01:51:38,999
<i>If there was hope,</i>
<i>it must lie in the proles</i>

1531
01:51:40,000 --> 01:51:43,337
<i>because only there,</i>
<i>in those swarming,</i>

1532
01:51:43,437 --> 01:51:45,206
<i>disregarded masses,</i>

1533
01:51:45,306 --> 01:51:48,842
<i>85% of the population</i>
<i>of Oceania,</i>

1534
01:51:48,943 --> 01:51:51,646
<i>could the force to</i>
<i>destroy the party</i>

1535
01:51:51,745 --> 01:51:54,148
<i>ever be generated.</i>

1536
01:51:54,616 --> 01:51:59,820
<i>The party could not</i>
<i>be overthrown from within."</i>

1537
01:52:00,854 --> 01:52:03,390
[crowd clapping and chanting]

1538
01:52:17,404 --> 01:52:19,773
[crowd chanting]

1539
01:52:40,595 --> 01:52:42,363
[music fades]

1540
01:52:43,397 --> 01:52:46,834
[labored breathing]

1541
01:53:11,425 --> 01:53:13,861
[Orwell] <i>Daily routine</i>

1542
01:53:13,961 --> 01:53:16,731
<i>at University College Hospital.</i>

1543
01:53:17,064 --> 01:53:19,099
<i>"How did you sleep?"</i>

1544
01:53:21,268 --> 01:53:23,470
<i>7 to 7:30 a.m.</i>

1545
01:53:24,838 --> 01:53:26,106
<i>Temperature taken.</i>

1546
01:53:28,375 --> 01:53:30,377
<i>7:30 to 8.</i>

1547
01:53:31,780 --> 01:53:33,480
<i>Blanket bath.</i>

1548
01:53:34,683 --> 01:53:36,283
<i>Back rubbed.</i>

1549
01:53:37,686 --> 01:53:39,486
<i>10:30.</i>

1550
01:53:40,722 --> 01:53:43,891
<i>Ward maid comes to sweep room.</i>

1551
01:53:47,662 --> 01:53:51,733
<i>6:45, dinner.</i>

1552
01:53:52,132 --> 01:53:56,070
<i>10, temperature taken.</i>

1553
01:53:56,470 --> 01:53:58,906
<i>A drink of some sort.</i>

1554
01:54:00,274 --> 01:54:02,343
<i>10:30 about.</i>

1555
01:54:03,678 --> 01:54:05,680
<i>Bed tipped</i>

1556
01:54:05,946 --> 01:54:08,783
<i>and light put out</i>

1557
01:54:08,882 --> 01:54:10,518
<i>shortly after.</i>

1558
01:54:37,010 --> 01:54:39,246
[somber music]